xii INTRODUCTION 



few convolutions. Posterior cornu of lateral ventricle very small ; 

 pollux large ; posterior cornu of hyoid shorter than anterior ; clitoris 

 perforated by the urethra; uterus two-horned; placenta bell-shaped, 

 diffused, non-deciduate ; allantois very large ; transverse portion of 

 colon convoluted on itself. Abdominal mammae sometimes present. 



The Lemuroidea contains three Families, the first two aberrant; 

 Daubentoniims with its single species the curious Aye-Aye, and 

 Tarsiid.^e, for a long time supposed to have also a single species, but 

 several additional ones have been lately recognized. The third Family 

 is NYCTiciBiDyE with four Subfamilies, Lorisin^e, the Slow Lemurs 

 with four genera : Loris with two species ; Nycticebus with eleven 

 species ; Arctocebus with two species ; and Perodicticus with five 

 species. The last genus, Perodicticus, for over two hundred years 

 was represented by only one species, Bosman's Potto, discovered by 

 that traveller in 1705 ; but within a brief period no less than four 

 others have been described, showing how easy it is to overlook distinct 

 forms among these nocturnal animals, even though their habitats had 

 been often penetrated by zealous Naturalists eager to make known the 

 creatures that had heretofore escaped all research. In this same Sub- 

 family is the genus Arctocebus with its single species from Old 

 Calabar, remarkable for its strongly flexed fingers, which require 

 considerable force to extend them, and when this is taken away they 

 at once become flexed again. The second Subfamily is Galagin^, the 

 Bush Babys, with one genus and twenty-three species and six sub- 

 species, followed by Lemurin^e, the true Lemurs, with seven genera 

 and thirty-eight species. The last Subfamily is Indrisin^e with three 

 genera including the Woolly Lemur, Safakas, and Indris, having in all 

 five species and five subspecies. 



While Madagascar alone possesses the Aye-Aye and the species 

 of the Subfamilies Lemurin^e and Indrisinve, none of those con- 

 tained in Galagin^e are found on that island but belong to the near-by 

 African Continent. The Tarsier are natives of the islands of the Indo- 

 Malayan Archipelago and the Philippines, while the Slow Lemurs 

 (Lorisin^:) are met with in the southern part of the Indian Peninsula 

 and the Island of Ceylon. 



The second Suborder, ANTHROPOIDEA, is distinguished from 

 LEMUROIDEA by its members having the orbit separated from the 

 temporal fossa by a bone which is united to the postorbital bar ; and 

 the lachrymal foramen is inside the orbital margin. The second digit of 

 the hand is well developed, and the same digit of the foot has usually a 

 flat nail, except in Callitrichid/E. The cerebrum almost completely 



