viii PREFACE 



In Calcutta, Dr. N. Annandale, the Superintendent of the Natural 

 History Section of the Indian Museum, unfortunately was absent in 

 Burma, but access to the collections was afforded, and every facility 

 for inspecting the types of Blyth and other of the earlier Indian 

 Naturalists, which still survived. In the various Zoological Gardens 

 of Europe and the East many interesting and valuable species were 

 seen, and in the Zoological Gardens at Antwerp was discovered the 

 handsome Monkey which the Director, M. l'Hoest, kindly permitted 

 the Author to describe under the name of C. insignis. In the Gardens 

 at Cairo, Egypt, under the pilotage of his friend Captain Flower, 

 the Director, several specimens of the rare monkeys of the genus 

 Erythrocebus were shown to the writer and descriptions taken. It 

 was the skins of these same animals that, some eighteen months later in 

 the British Museum, served the Author as the types for two new 

 species. In the Calcutta Gardens were some fine examples of Hylo- 

 bates hoolock and the Author's ears were deafened by their powerful 

 voices ; and also a splendid specimen of the somewhat rare Pithecus 

 andamanensis was seen ; and in the Zoological Gardens of Kyoto, 

 Japan, were numerous living examples of the peculiar Japanese species 

 P. fuscatus, and one very fine adult male Magus ochreatus. The 

 Author also desires to express his thanks to Mr. R. I. Pocock, Super- 

 intendent of the Gardens of the Zoological Society in Regent's Park, 

 London, for his assistance in examining the Primates under his charge. 



As it was not possible to assemble in one locality all the material 

 it was desirable to employ for ilustrating the work, photographs of the 

 crania had to be taken in different places. Those of the crania of 

 Pseudogorilla mayema ? were most kindly sent to the Author by 

 Dr. O. zur Strassen, Director of the Senckenbergian Museum at 

 Frankfort-on-the-Main ; those of the Ourang crania were executed at 

 the Zoological Museum in Munich ; those of Gorilla gorilla, G. g. 

 jacobi and G. g. matschie, from the crania in the Berlin Museum. A 

 certain number were also obtained from the American Museum of 

 Natural History, the United States National Museum, the Field Mu- 

 seum of Natural History, Chicago, the Philadelphia Academy of 

 Sciences, and especially the British Museum. 



The Author cannot refrain from calling attention to the illustra- 

 tions produced by the methods and greatly improved instruments 

 invented by the Special Photographer of the American Museum, Mr. 

 Abram E. Anderson, which for clearness and perfection of detail, 

 have possibly not been heretofore equalled. Mr. Anderson was sent 

 to London expressly to photograph the crania in the British Museum, 



