266 ALOUATTA 



Mycetes caraya Wagn., Schreb., Saugth. Suppl., I, 1840. p. 180 ; 



V, 1855, p. 68 ; Less., Spec. Mamm., 1840, p. 122 ; Id. Nouv. 



Tabl. Regn. Anim., 1842, p. 6 ; Gray, Cat. Monkeys, Lemurs 



and Fruit-eating Bats, Brit. Mus., 1870, p. 41 ; Sclat., Proc. 



Zool. Soc. Lond., 1872, p. 6, fig. ; Kerr, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 



1892, p. 174. 

 Alouatta nigra Slack, Proc. Acad. Nat. Scien. Phil., 1862, p. 518; 



Forbes, Handb. Primates, I, 1894, p. 195. 



BLACK HOWLER. 



Type locality. Paraguay. 



Geogr. Distr. Villa Nova, Upper Amazon, (Bates) ; southern 

 Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia. Banks of the Pilcomayo, Argentina, 

 (Kerr) ; Sao Paulo, (von Ihering) ; Province of Goyas, (Castelnau) ; 

 Provinces of Bahia and of Minas Geraes, (Spix) ; Bolivia, (D'Or- 

 bigny). 



Genl. Char. Feet naked ; size large ; beard large ; rami of mandible 

 greatly developed ; sexes different in color. Hair at forehead directed 

 backward, meeting that on back of head which is directed forward at 

 this part, though radiating from a central spot. 



Color. Male adult. Hair deep black, the hands and feet and tail 

 sometimes showing yellowish brown hairs, probably the remains of 

 the immature pelage. 



Immature Male. Flanks, inner side of limbs, under side of tail, 

 and under parts of body, buff yellow, rest of pelage black. 



Female. Straw color, darkest on the back which is tinged with 

 olive ; tips of hair on frontal ridge, black. 



Young. Entirely straw color. 



Measurements. Male. Skull : occipito-nasal length, 101 ; zygo- 

 matic width, 83 ; intertemporal width, 42 ; palatal length, 42 ; breadth of 

 braincase, 53 ; median length of nasals, 20 ; length of upper molar series. 

 33 ; length of mandible, 97 ; length of lower molar series, 40. 



The type of Stentor stramineus E. Geoff., (nee Spix), is in the 

 Paris Museum. It was obtained from the Cabinet de Lisbonne in 

 1808, and is a female of A. caraya. The upper parts are bistre, 

 darkest on dorsal line and rump; brow, beard and limbs yellowish, 

 hands yellowish, but the feet are blackish brown ; tail rather dark 

 brown on basal half, paler on remainder. On a label beneath the stand 

 is the following statement : "Stentor stramineus de quelques auteurs ; 

 e'est la femelle de Stentor niger, type de l'espece du Cabinet de Lis- 

 bonne, 1808." 



