CACAJAO 299 



GENUS CACAJAO. TJAKARI MONKEYS. 



t — n — — A/f ?^ = ft 



A- 2—2' *■" 1—1- • 3— 3> ™L. 3 _3 3°- 



CACAJAO Less., Spec. Maram., 1840, p. 181. Type Simla melano- 

 cephala Humboldt. 



Brachyurus Spix, Simiar. et Vespert. Bras., 1823, p. 11, tab. VII, 

 VIII, (nee Fischer Muridae, 1813). 



Cercoptochus Glog., Hand. u. Hilfsb. Naturg. I, 1841, pp. XXVII, 

 41. 



Ouakaria Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1849, p. 9, fig. 



Uacaria Flow, and Lydekk., Mamm., Liv. and Extinct, 1870, p. 

 712. 



Cothurus Palmer, Science, N. Ser., X, 1899, p. 493, (nee Cham- 

 pion, Coleopt.). 



Neocothurus Palm., Scien., N. Ser., XVII, 1903, p. 873. 



Face short, sometimes highly colored; fur short, silky; tail very 

 short. Skull : parietal and malar bones in contact ; mandible dilated 

 posteriorly, similar to that of the members of the genus Alouatta; 

 incisors oblique ; diastema present between canines and incisors of the 

 upper jaw. 



The three species comprising this genus are the only short-tailed 

 monkeys inhabiting the New World. The brevity of this organ is not 

 occasioned by the fact that fewer vertebrae are present, but on account 

 of their small size. Two of the species are remarkable for the 

 brilliant coloring of their faces, which are scarlet or vermilion-red, and 

 this hue becomes much deeper whenever an individual is excited. 

 The brain is well developed and complicated, very different from that 

 of the species of Saimiri. The lower jaw is peculiar in shape resem- 

 bling somewhat that of the species of Alouatta, but there is no 

 especial relationship between the genera. 



In their distribution each species of Uakari monkey is restricted to 

 a certain district, and although the ranges of two of them, C. calvus 

 and C. rubicundus, approach rather closely at one point, they are not 

 known ever to mingle together. Bates, who had very good oppor- 

 tunities for observing these animals in their native land, states, writing 

 of them in a general way, that they live in forests which are inundated 





