﻿PAL.EONTSCIDJE. 471 



1844. Pygopterus sculptus, L. Agassiz, ibid. p. 77. 



1850. Pygopterus mandibular is, Sir P. Egerton, in W. King's Permian 



Fossils (Pal. Soc), p. 232, pi. xxiii. 

 1855. Pygopterus mandibularis, F. M'Coy, Brit. Palaeoz. Foss. p. G08. 

 1861. Pygopterus humboldti, IT. B. Geinitz, Dyas, p. 11, pi. xxiii. fig. 2 



(non pi. viii. figs. 1-3). 

 1861. Pygopterus mandibularis, II. B. Geinitz, ibid. p. 12. 

 1877. Pygopterus humboldtii, R. H. Traquair, Quart. .Tonrn. Geol. Soc. 



vol. xxxiii. p. 574. 

 1877. Pygopterus mandibularis, E. IT. Traquair, ibid. p. 575. 



Type. Imperfect fish. 



The type species, attaining a length of about 0-6. Maximum 

 depth of trunk contained about six times in the total length. Head 

 and opercular apparatus occupying little more than one-fifth of the 

 total length : large teeth much elongated, slender, the enamelled 

 crown fixed upon a very broad, prominent base, with few vertical 

 folds ; ornamentation of cranial, facial, and opercular bones very 

 fine. Pelvic fins about half as large as the pectorals, arising half- 

 way between, the latter and the anal ; dorsal fin about half as long 

 as the anal, equally elevated, and arising slightly in advance of the 

 latter ; length of anal fin about one-sixth of the total length of the 

 fish. Scales of flank having the antero-superior angle produced 

 upwards ; all scales smooth, except towards the dorsal margin, where 

 they are crossed by few, large, transverse ridges, more or less parallel 

 and often oblique. 



Form. $ Loc. Upper Permian (Kupferschiefer) : Germany. 

 Upper Permian (Marl Slate) : Durham and Northumberland. 



(i.) Kupferschiefer. 



38589. Imperfect remains of an individual of moderate size, much 

 crushed and chemically disintegrated, but displaying the 

 relative proportions of the head and tail; Riechelsdorf, 

 Hesse. Purchased, 1864. 



P. 833. Imperfect individual wanting the caudal fin, but displaying 

 the pectorals and the greater portion of the dorsal and 

 anal fins ; Eisleben, Saxony. The non-articulated cha- 

 racter of the pectoral fin-rays is well shown, and a few 

 displaced dorsal scales exhibit the ridged ornament. 



Egerton Coll. 



P. 3414. Remains of small individual, coiled up, and wanting the 

 greater portion of the abdominal region; Mansfeld, 

 Thuringia. Traces of the striated ornament of the head- 



