﻿PAPIO 
  139 
  

  

  accord 
  with 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  gives 
  an 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  animal's 
  

   dimensions. 
  

  

  For 
  a 
  considerable 
  period 
  there 
  has 
  been 
  much 
  uncertainty 
  regard- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  animal 
  Linnaeus 
  called 
  Simla 
  cynocephalus. 
  Like 
  many 
  of 
  

   this 
  Author's 
  descriptions, 
  the 
  one 
  given 
  for 
  this 
  baboon 
  is 
  short 
  and 
  

   unsatisfactory, 
  and 
  the 
  works 
  which 
  he 
  cites 
  in 
  the 
  brief 
  synonymy 
  

   give 
  little 
  or 
  no 
  assistance 
  towards 
  the 
  recognition 
  of 
  the 
  animal. 
  

   Linnaeus' 
  description 
  reads 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  "S. 
  caudata, 
  imberbis 
  flavescens, 
  

   ore 
  producto, 
  cauda 
  recta, 
  natibus 
  calvis." 
  The 
  only 
  word 
  in 
  this 
  

   brief 
  diagnosis 
  that 
  gives 
  any 
  clue 
  to 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  the 
  word 
  "flaves- 
  

   cens," 
  and 
  by 
  it 
  we 
  know 
  it 
  was 
  a 
  'yellow 
  or 
  yellowish' 
  baboon. 
  The 
  

   early 
  authors 
  render 
  no 
  help 
  towards 
  an 
  elucidation 
  of 
  the 
  problem, 
  

   and 
  E. 
  Geoffroy 
  gives 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  words 
  to 
  define 
  his 
  P. 
  cynocephalus, 
  

   and 
  the 
  specimen 
  he 
  is 
  supposed 
  to 
  have 
  had 
  is 
  not 
  now 
  in 
  the 
  Paris 
  

   Museum. 
  It 
  was 
  not 
  until 
  F. 
  Cuvier 
  published 
  his 
  plate 
  of 
  C. 
  babuin 
  

   that 
  Mammalogists 
  generally 
  were 
  able 
  to 
  distinguish 
  the 
  'yellow 
  

   baboon' 
  from 
  its 
  relatives 
  in 
  the 
  genus. 
  Some 
  authors 
  confounded 
  it 
  

   with 
  P. 
  sphinx 
  (nee 
  Linn.), 
  = 
  P. 
  papio 
  (Desm.), 
  a 
  reddish 
  colored 
  

   and 
  somewhat 
  smaller 
  animal. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  but 
  one 
  species 
  of 
  baboon 
  known 
  which 
  can 
  be 
  termed 
  

   yellow, 
  and 
  as 
  Linnaeus 
  described 
  his 
  cynocephalus 
  as 
  flavescens, 
  it 
  

   must 
  have 
  been 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  the 
  one 
  afterwards 
  described 
  as 
  'babuin,' 
  

   'thoth/ 
  etc. 
  The 
  other 
  species 
  of 
  Linnaeus' 
  time, 
  afterwards 
  placed 
  in 
  

   the 
  genus 
  Papio, 
  viz. 
  : 
  sphinx, 
  maitnon 
  — 
  S. 
  sphinx 
  Linn., 
  and 
  

   hamadryas, 
  could 
  never 
  be 
  termed 
  flavescens, 
  and 
  therefore 
  it 
  seems 
  

   perfectly 
  safe 
  to 
  assume 
  that 
  the 
  Simla 
  cynocephalus 
  Linn., 
  is 
  the 
  

   same 
  as 
  the 
  yellow 
  baboon 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  renamed 
  by 
  F. 
  Cuvier, 
  and 
  

   other 
  writers 
  since 
  Cuvier's 
  time. 
  

  

  The 
  type 
  of 
  P. 
  langheldl 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  Berlin 
  Museum 
  and 
  the 
  following 
  

   is 
  a 
  description 
  taken 
  from 
  it. 
  

  

  Color. 
  Hair 
  of 
  back 
  long 
  and 
  coarse. 
  General 
  hue 
  dull 
  olive 
  gray, 
  

   hairs 
  brown 
  at 
  base, 
  then 
  yellowish 
  gray, 
  then 
  ringed 
  with 
  black 
  and 
  

   yellow, 
  and 
  tipped 
  with 
  black 
  ; 
  the 
  long 
  coarse 
  hair 
  lighter 
  ; 
  chin 
  grayish 
  

   white 
  ; 
  legs 
  externally 
  brownish 
  yellow 
  ; 
  hands 
  and 
  feet 
  olive 
  yellow 
  ; 
  

   under 
  side 
  of 
  body 
  and 
  inner 
  side 
  of 
  limbs 
  silvery 
  gray; 
  tail 
  reddish 
  

   brown 
  mixed 
  with 
  black. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  Total 
  length, 
  1,470; 
  tail, 
  570. 
  Skull: 
  total 
  length, 
  

   192; 
  occipito-nasal 
  length, 
  190; 
  zygomatic 
  width, 
  110; 
  interorbital 
  

   width, 
  56; 
  median 
  length 
  of 
  nasals, 
  64; 
  length 
  of 
  upper 
  canines, 
  40; 
  

   length 
  of 
  upper 
  tooth 
  row, 
  51; 
  length 
  of 
  mandible, 
  149; 
  length 
  of 
  

   lower 
  tooth 
  row, 
  66. 
  Ex 
  type 
  Berlin 
  Museum. 
  

  

  