48 MANUAL 



Sub-family a MOTACILLINAE True Meadow 



Wagtails 



Tail not shorter than the wing, of which the 3rd quill is the 

 longest. 



Genera, Motacilla, The White Wagtail and ally. 

 Budytes, The Yellow Wagtail. 



Sub -family b ANTHINAE Titlarks and Pipits 



Tail shorter than the wings, of which the 4th and 5th quills 

 are the longest. 



Genera, Anthus, The Titlark and the Pipit. 



Neocorys, The Missouri Titlark. 

 (Synonym = Alauda.) 

 Sub-genera, None. 



The members of this, as also of the preceding, family have 

 been placed in so many different and peculiar situations, both 

 in relation to themselves and to that of the other Insessores 

 that it is best to leave a critical examination of them to the 

 more advanced student. A few facts may be noticed, how- 

 ever : In the present case, the two sub-families are perfectly 

 justifiable, for, examiuing the different works on Ornithology 

 to-day no one would consider the different genera as belonging 

 to the same family. This will appear more evident when we 

 remember that the recent name of the genera of the Titlark 

 was Alauda, the same as was formerly used for our present 

 Shore Lark. This would give us a synonym but not a sub- 

 genus. It will be uoticed, also, that the American Titlark is 

 not the same as the European Titlark ; that the American 

 Skylark (Shore Lark) is not the same as the European Sky- 

 lark ; and that the Skylark (whether American or European) 

 is not identical w T ith or even related to the Titlark (either Am- 

 erican or European), notwithstanding the fact that so many of 

 our writers will persist, wrongly, in placing them all in the same 

 genus Alauda. Budytes is a distinct Motacilla. Both are 

 different from the other members of either family, — though 

 we are not prepared to arrange them any differently at pre sent 



