58 MANUAL 



trace the various positions which these species have, at differ- 

 ent times, occupied would be a work for the specialist. We 

 will not change them from their usual order. 



Sub-family a AMFELIN.33 Waxwings. 



Always known by the even tail with its wax-like append- 

 ages (except in rare cases and usually immature specimens). 



Genus, Ampelis, (2 species). [Synonym, Bombycilla]. 



Sub-family b (Ptiliogonidinee), (Ptilogonydinse) , and 

 (Ptilogonatinae), 



have all been used to designate this group, sometimes with 

 and sometimes without other members of the family. 



Genera. Phainopepla, The Black-crested Flycatcher. (Occurs also un- 

 der the names of Phcenopepla, Ptilogonys, and Cichlopsis, all valid as- 

 generic specifications). 



Sub-family c MYIADESTIN.EI 



Genus, Myiadestes, The Townsend's Solitaire. 



It will be noticed, in the study of the individual, that Sub- 

 family a is very distinct from the Sub-families b and c. As 

 Sub-family a. Wings with first quill spurious or nearly 

 so ; tail short ; frontal feathers extending beyond the 

 nostrils, and rictal bristles absent. 

 Sub-families 6 and c. Wings with first quill one-half (or 

 nearly so) that of the other long quills , tail long ; 

 frontal feathers not extending beyond the nostrils,, 

 and rictal bristles present. 



This combining of the Sub-families b and c, as above, usu- 

 allv results in three genera : 



Ptiliogonys, Cichlopsis, and Myiadestes. 



The first two of these are, really, valid as distinct and sep- 

 arate genera, and not as mere synonyms for each other, al- 

 though often so used. , 



The species of Sub-families b and c are, by some author- 

 ities, still placed with the Thrushes or near them. 



