18/6.] MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE STERNIN.E. 049 



two fine specimens, obtained near Bombay, a considerable extension 

 of its range as hitherto known to us. There is no example of this 

 Tern in the British Museum ; but the collections at Leyden, Frank- 

 fort, Mayence, and Berlin are more fortunate in this respect. 



Sterna fluviatilis, Naum. 



Sterna hirundo (in part), Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 227 (1766), and of 

 most authors. 



Larus bicolor, Larus sterna et Larus columbinus, Scop. Ann. i. 

 Hist. Nat. p. 82, 1769 (nos. 110 & 112 im., 113 juv.). 



Sterna fluviatilis, Naum. Isis, 1819, p. 1847-48; Gray, Hand- 

 list, iii. p. 1 18 (1871) ; Sharpe & Dresser, B. Europe, pt. xi. (1872). 



Sterna senegalensis, Sw. B.W. Af. ii. p. 250 (1837) ; Schl. Mus. 

 P.-Bas, SterncB, pp. 16 & 17 (1863) (sp. no. 2 examined by 

 H.S.). 



Sterna wilsoni, Bp. List, p. 61 (1838), et auct. American. ; 

 Gray, Hand-list, iii. p. 118 (1871). 



Sterna macrodaetyla et macroptera, Blasius, J. f. Orn. 1866, 

 pp. 75, 76 ; Gray, Hand-list, iii. p. 118 (1871). 



Sterna dougalli, Layard, B. S. Af. p. 369 (1867). 



This well-known species is found throughout Temperate Europe, 

 Asia, and America, except on the Pacific coast. In winter it visits 

 the coast of Africa as far south as the Cape of Good Hope, and has 

 occurred as far to the south-east as Ceylon, specimens having been 

 sent to me by Capt. Vincent Legge, R.A. Northwards it goes as 

 far as Pekin (Swinhoe) ; but in Tibet and part of Siberia it is re- 

 placed by a form which I consider to be distinct, and for which I 

 propose the name of 



Sterna tibetana, sp. nov. 



S. similis S. fluviatili sed ubique saturatior ; supra schistaceo- 

 cinerea ; subtus pectore clare vinaceo facile distinguenda. 

 (From a specimen in Lord Walden's collection.) 



Four adult specimens from Tibet and several from Lake Baikal 

 ascribed to S. longipennis differ from the latter in having the bill 

 and feet coloured as in S. fluviatilis, from which in turn they differ 

 in having the sides of the neck, shoulders, and flanks of a clear grey, 

 which assumes a darker and more vinous tint on the breast and 

 abdomen ; the mantle and wings are also much darker. The bill 

 and feet are smaller than in average S. fluviatilis, and of an orange- 

 red, the former tipped with horn. It is possibly this species which 

 Mr. Hume mentions as breeding near Yarkand. The examples re- 

 ferred to above are all in breeding-plumage ; but I believe S. fluvia- 

 tilis is a rare bird even in Lower India, and only found there during 

 the winter months. 



Sterna longipennis, Nordm. 



Sterna longipennis, Nordm. in Erman's Verz. v. Th. u. Pfl. 

 p. 17 (1835); Middendorff, Reise, Zool. p. 246, tab. 25. fig. 4 

 (1851); Schlegel, Mus. P.-B. Sterna, p. 23 (1863) (as regards 



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