1878.] MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE LARIN/E. 177 



Gavina zonorhynchus (Richards.), Bp. Naum. 1854, p. 212; 

 Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 282. 



Gavina bruchi, Bp. Naumann. 1854, p. 212; Bruch, J. f. Orn. 

 1855, p. 283. 



"Laroides occidentalis (Audub.)," Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 282, 

 nee Audubon 



Larus zonorhynchus, var. mexicanus et var. bruchi, Bp. Consp. Av. 

 ii. p. 224 (1857). 



Hab. Interior and coasts of North America from the Saskatche- 

 wan and Labrador to Great Salt Lake (breeding), and in winter to 

 the middle and southern States, Cuba, and the Bermudas. An im- 

 mature bird in my collection obtained by Mr. H. Whitely at Hako- 

 dadi, Japan, 14th December, 1864, seems from its size and stout 

 barred bill to belong to this species. 



The adult is easily distinguished from L. canus by its larger size, 

 stout, double-zoned bill, and lighter mantle ; it is smaller than L. 

 californicus, its wing-pattern is different, and the mantle is much 

 lighter. 



14. Larus canus, Linn. 



Larus canus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 224 (1766); Gm. Syst. Nat. 

 i. p. 596 (1788) ; Schl. Mus. P.-Bas. Lari, p. 23 (1863) ; Sharpe 

 & Dresser, B. of Eur. pt. xvii. (1873) ; David & Oust. Ois. de la 

 Chine, p. 517(1877). 



Larus cinereus, Scop. Ann. i. Hist. Nat. p. 80 (1769). 



Larus hybernus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 596 (1788). 



Larus procellosus, Bechst. Orn. Tasch. p. 373 (1802). 



Larus cyanorhynchus, Meyer, Tasch. Vog. Deutschl. ii. p. 480 

 (1810). 



Laroides procellosus et L. canescens, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl, 

 pp. 750-753 (1831). 



Larus canus, var. major, Middendorff, Sib. Reise, ii. p. 243 (1853). 



Larus heinei, Homeyer, Naumannia, 1853, p. 129. 



Glaucus canus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 102. 



"Glaucus lacrymosus (Licht.)," Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 102, 

 nee Licht. 



Gavina kamtschatchensis, Bp. Naumannia, 1854, p. 212. 



Gavina heinei, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 283. 



Gavina canus, id. op. cit. p. 284. 



1 Rissa nivea, Bp. Cat. Parzudaki, p. 11 (1855). 



"Larus niveus, Pall," Bp. Consp. A v. ii. p. 224 (1857) ; Swinhoe, 

 P.Z.S. 1871, p. 420; David & Oust. Ois. de la Chine, p. 518, 

 1877, nee Pallas. 



Larus delawarensis, Coues, Pr. Ac. N. Sc. Phil. 1861, p. 246. 



Larus canus major, Schl. Mus. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 26 (1863). 



"Larus suckleyi, Lawr." Schl. M. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 27 (1863), nee 

 Lawr. (Japan). 



Larus audouini, Tristram, Ibis, 1868, p. 330, nee Payr. 



Hab. Throughout the Paleearctic region, but very rare in Ice- 

 land ; once in Labrador. 



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