194 MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE LARIN^E. [Feb. 5, 



Larus hemprichi, Heugl. Ibis, 1859, p. 350 ; Konig-Warth. Ibis, 

 1860, p. 129 (nidif.); Schleg. Mus. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 32 ; Finscb, 

 Trans. Zool. S. vii. pt. vi. p. 302, pi. xxvii. ; Finscb & Hartl. 

 Vog. Ostafr. p. 823 ; Blanford, Abyssinia, p. 441 (Red Sea) ; 

 Hume, Stray Feath. i. p. 2/9 ; Blanford, East Persia, ii. p. 292 

 (Aden to Kurrachee harbour) ; Hume, Stray F. 1876, p. 414 ; Butler, 

 op. cit. 1877, p. 296. 



Hab. This Gull appears to have a wider range than its congener L. 

 leucophthalmus, as it is not confined to the Red Sea south of the 

 tropic, but also frequents the Persian Gulf and the coast eastward as 

 far as Bombay. Von Heuglin and Baron Konig von "Warthausen 

 (he. cit.) have given an excellent account of the habits and nidifi- 

 cation of both these species ; and more recently in * Stray Feathers ' 

 Capt. Butler has given a description of the great colony on the island 

 of Astola. 



In the Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, P' e partie, 1877, 

 p. 32, M. Jules Vian gives an account of two immature specimens, 

 one of L. leucophthalmus and one of L. hemprichi, which were 

 supposed to have been obtained on the coast of Nice. M. Vian 

 showed me these specimens when I was last in Paris ; and they are 

 undoubtedly genuine examples of the respective species. M. Vian 

 thinks that the opening of the Suez Canal may have caused their 

 appearance upon the shores of France ; I cannot prove the contrary, 

 but, from the make-up of the skins, I must confess I am very sceptical 

 as to their having got so far as Nice alive. They had passed through 

 at least one, if not two dealers' hands before M. Vian saw them. 



33. Larus atricilla, Linn. 



Larus atricilla, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 225 (1766), nee Pallas (ex 

 Catesby); Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 600 (1788); Temm. Man. d'Orn. 

 ed. 2, pt. ii. p. 779 (Mediterranean, in error) ; Montagu, Orn. 

 Diet. Rennie's ed. p. 259 (1833) (Winchelsea) ; Schl. M. P.-Bas, 

 Lari, p. 44 (1863); Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 576 ; Coues, 

 B. N.-West Am. p. 650 (1874); Reid, Zoologist, 1877, p. 489 

 (Bermudas). 



Larus ridibundus, Wilson, Am. Orn. ix. p. 89, pi. 74. fig. 4 

 (1814), nee Linn. ; Leotaud, Ois. de Trinidad, p. 532. 



Xema atricilla, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563 ; Cab. in Schomb. 

 Guiana, hi. p. 761. 



Gavia atricilla, Macgill. Man. Brit. Orn. ii. p. 240 (1842). 



Chroicocephalus atricilla, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 106 ; Lawr. 

 B. N. Am. p. 850 (1858). 



Chroicocephalus serranus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 106 (nee 

 Tschudi). 



Atricilla catesbyi, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 287. 



"Atricilla megalopterus," Bp. ; Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1855, p. 287. 



"Atricilla microplerus," Bp. ; Bruch, torn. cit. p. 288. 



Hab. America, from Maine, on the east coast, down to the mouth 

 of the Amazons and to the West-Indian Islands ; on the west coast, 

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