THE TEETH OF THE HIGHER APES AND MAN 201 



ease. Deformities and dental diseases are not 

 uncommon among them. The Indians of the 

 United States of later times had large fine teeth, 

 but, with the degeneracy and disease incident to 

 the vices acquired from the white man, they be- 

 came degenerate and defective. 



The European (Figs. 83, 84 and 85) races of 



Fig. 83. — European (Caucasian) teeth. 



today are descended from two distinct types, — 

 the light and dark, — which are named Xantho- 

 chroid and Melanochroid types respectively. The 

 Xanthochroid sub-races are the light-complex- 

 ioned people of Scandinavia, Germany, the Brit- 

 ish Isles, the Libyans, the ancient Etruscans, and 

 others. The teeth of the light races are rather 

 large, square, light in color, and with square jaws 



