15? APPENDIX concerning 



In procefs of time, it was imagined, that another clafs of 

 officers mould be added to the former, whofe province it mould 

 be to watch over the civil interefts of the confederacy. Thefe 

 two clafTes of fuperintendents gradually coalefced into one, and 

 both united in difcharging the facred and civil functions an- 

 nexed to their office. Each of the confederated ftates fent two 

 deputies, without any regard to its extent or populoufnefs. 

 The one was denominated Upoviasvov, Hierumenon, and the other 

 UuXwyogus, Pylagoras. The former was chofen by lot, and his 

 bufinefs feems to have been more immediately to infpect and 

 fuperintend matters relating to religion, fuch as facrifices, au- 

 guries, rites, ceremonies, &c. Thefe officers I take to have 

 been a part of the original conftitution. The latter was elect- 

 ed by a plurality of voices, and his province feems to have 

 been originally confined to the civil department. Both thefe 

 had an equal right to deliberate upon, and vote in all matters 

 that came before the aflembly. 



These dated times of aiTembling were twice in the year, 

 once in fpring, and once in autumn. Their fpring meeting 

 was called Eugivov tuXoliov, their autumnal Mstuxupivov. The rea- 

 fon of this appellation was, according to the writers of Greece, 

 owing to their having been originally instituted at Pyla, after- 

 wards called Thermopylae. The duration of their fitting was 

 not limited, but extended in proportion to the multiplicity, 

 magnitude, or difficulty of the bufinefs which came before 

 them. Before they entered on bufinefs, they jointly facrificed 

 an ox, cut into fmall pieces, which was a facramental fymbol 

 of their amity and concord. Though their ordinary place of 

 meeting was at Delphi, they fometimes adjourned to Thermo- 

 pylae. But this only happened when that city was threatened 

 with a hoftile invafion, or when the exigencies of the commu- 

 nities made the latter a more commodious Station. When they 

 afTembled at '1 hermopylse, they held their feffions in the temple 

 of Ceres, near the mouth of the river Afopus. The fifth epo- 

 2 cha 



