146 MAMMALIAN DENTITION 



borders overrun the limit usual in modern Man. For such 

 stout teeth possessing no obvious neck the roots strike one as 

 rather short. The "woolly" appearance presented by the 

 border of the pulp chamber is due to the formation of second- 

 ary dentine normally laid down in all teeth as the wear in- 

 creases and especially after the enamel coated surface of the 

 cusps is lost. A similar shortening of the roots with increase 

 in size of the pulp cavity occurs in the molar teeth of the very 

 specialized Daubentonia as compared with the less special- 

 ized Indrisinae. It is worthy of record that Ave meet these 

 characters greatly exaggerated in some but by no means in all 

 of the Xeandertal race. In some molars from Krapina and in 

 those from St. Brelade's Bay, Jersey (Fig. 98), the shortness 

 of the roots which are fused into a single mass and the large 

 size of the pulp chamber partially encroached upon by second- 

 ary dentine are strikingly seen. In the case of the Jersey 

 teeth the jaws are unknown but in fragments of Krapina 

 skulls the lowering of the margin of the pulp chamber below 

 the alveolar border is quite pronounced. It is impossible to 

 disregard these features which are certainly not primitive 

 but exceedingly specialized and though they may be met with 

 even in modern Man the extent to which they occur is much 

 less than in the Krapina Xeandertalers. The short fused 

 roots, large pulp cavity and absence of a neck give a general 

 appearance simulating the teeth of the ox and Keith has, 

 therefore, proposed for this variety the adjective taurodont in 

 distinction from the more dog-like or cynoclont roots of the 

 usual form. 



Having now discussed the two main types of Glacial Man 

 and having indicated that H. aurignacensis is probably our 

 ancestral representative, Avhereas Xeandertal Man is an aber- 

 rant and specialized form which probably was ousted by his 

 less specialized competitor, we may turn to the consideration 

 of modern human races. 



