THE GIANT DEER. 



37 



Thoracic Vertebra (Text-fig. 17). — These number thirteen. The spines increase in 

 length from 1 to 3. Vertebras 4 and 5 have very long spines, but in the succeeding 

 vertebrae the length of the spines rapidly decreases. The spines of vertebras 1-11 

 are backwardly-directed to a greater or lesser extent. Those of vertebras 12 and 13 

 are practically vertical and resemble the spines of lumbar vertebras. The centra 

 throughout are short, nearly cylindrical and very uniform in length. 



Measurements op Thoracic Vertebrae. 

 (All No. 254 [1904] from Rockbarton, Kilmallock, co. Limerick, in the National Museum, Dublin.) 



1. Height from notch between pre-zygapo- 



physes to top of neural spine . 



2. Width across transverse processes 



3. Width across pre-zygapophyses . 



-lth. 



7th. 



9th. 



11th. 



14th. 



21-8 



30-6 



29-0 



21-5 



20-3 



15-4 



14-25 



10-5 



10-9 



10-3 



10-7 



8.5 



10-5 



8-5 



7-0 



6-5 



6-8 





Measurements ov Lumbar Vertebra. 

 (Details as with thoracic vertebrae.) 



1st. 3rd. 



5 th. 



1. Length of centrum .... 7-1 7-1 



2. Measurement across transverse processes 17-6 25-0 



3. Height from mid-central point of centrum 



to top of neural spine . . . 16-25 16-15 



7-25 

 27-0 



15-3 



Measurements of Sacrum. 





No. 15, 1915. 

 Dublin. 



No. 254, 19U4, 

 Rockbarton, 

 Kilmallock, 



co. Limerick. 



1. Length of sacrum . . . . 



2. Height to top of neural spine of 2nd 



true sacral ..... 

 2. Measurement across transverse pro- 

 cesses of 1st sacral 



23-2 



lo-.s 



22-5 



25-85 



12-9 



240 



Lumbar Vertebra (Text-fig. 18). — The five lumbar vertebras all have the neural 

 spines abruptly truncated, and the contra very uniform in length. The transverse 

 processes are long and straight, taper slightly towards their terminations, and are as 

 a rule directed slightly forwards. 



Sacral and Caudal Vertebral (Text-figs. 19, 20).— There are two sacral and three 

 pseudosacral vertebras. Both sacral and pseudosacral have rather large neural spines, 



