﻿16 



PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



than in the cave bear, and is as a rule rather more contracted posteriorly. The 

 surface of the crown tends to be ridged rather than tuberculated. 



It proved impossible to obtain anything approaching a complete series of milk- 

 teeth, and it therefore seemed best not to attempt a description of them. 



(2) Table of Measurements of the Series of Permanent Teeth from Torbryan, near Torquay,, 

 figured on Plate VI. 





~-l 



: ;| 



3 | <l 



p. 1 



1 



i\ 



ll 



|j 



1.1 



s 



1" 



11 



'p. 



\t 



\t 



U 



1. Antero-posterior extent at base of 



crown 



2. Maximum transverse measure 



ment 



3. Maximum length measured along 



a straight line from root to 



09 

 29 



1-1 

 0-9 



30 



11 

 1-05 



3-7 



21 

 1-6 



8-9 



075 

 055 



20 

 1-5 



2-5 



1-8 



3-95 

 1-9 



... 



09 

 0-5 



29 



0-9 



0-75 



3, 



095 

 1-05 



3-4 



2-1 

 1-4 



825 



1-55 

 095 



2-7 

 1-2 



305 

 1-8 



2-55 

 1-85 









c. The Veetebbal Column (Plates VII, VIII). 

 The vertebral column of bears shows few characters distinguishing it from that 

 of other Carnivora. Probably the most noteworthy feature is the tendency to 

 ankylosis in the sacral region in old animals, which may have as many as five 

 sacral and pseudo-sacral vertebras (see Text-fig. 1, p. 19). There are fourteen thoracic 

 and six lumbar vertebras as compared with thirteen thoracic and seven lumbar in 

 FeJis, Ganis and Viverra, and fifteen thoracic and five lumbar in Meles. 



(3) Tables of Comparative Measurements of Bear Vektebr^. 



Atlas. 



1. Maximum width 



2. Median dorso- ventral diameter 



3. Extreme width of the condylar articular 



surfaces ... 



4. Maximum width of neural canal 



Axis. 



1. Length from anterior end of odontoid 



process to postero-ventral extremity 

 of centrum 



2. Height from roof of neural canal to top 



of neural spine 



3. Transverse diameter across prezygapo- 



physes 



4. Transverse diameter across postzygapo- 



physes 



5. Length from anterior end of neural 



spine to notch between postzygapo- 

 physes 



ZT . spelaus, 

 Banwell 



Taunton Mus.). 



8-9 

 635 



8-4 

 7-65 



63 



XI. horribilis, 



Sandford 



(Taunton Mus.). 



8-15 ' 

 355 

 6-85 



ZT. horribilis, 

 No. 854 (College 

 of Surgeons). 



17-3 



44 



No. 218 d 

 (Brit. Mus.). 



196 

 5-35 



