﻿PLATE VIII. 



Pleistocene Bears. 



{Vertebrae.) 



(Two thirds natural size.) 



Fig. 



1. Third thoracic, front view. 



2. Fifth thoracic, left side view. 



3. Twelfth thoracic, left side view. 



4. Twelfth thoracic, front view. 



5. Fourteenth thoracic, dorsal view. 



6. Third lumbar, left side view. 



7. Third lumbar, front view. 



Figs. 1, 2, and 5 are drawn from vertebrae found in the peat at Burwell Fen, 

 and now preserved in the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge; the others are from 

 Sandford Hill, and are preserved in the Taunton Museum. 



a. Neural spine. 



b. Neural canal. 



c. Pre-zygapophysis. 



d. Post-zygapophysis. 



e. Notch for exit of spinal nerve. 

 /. Transverse process. 



g. Anapophysis. 



h. Metapophysis. 



i. Facet for articulation with tubercle of rib. 



/. Facet for articulation with head of rib. 



