92 On RYTHMICAL MEASURES. 



troduclion, or a more ftriking and diftinct clofe, to fome re- 

 markable (train. In fuch pieces, the bars very frequently pro- 

 ceed by pairs. It is no unufual thing, however, for the com- 

 pofer, in the courfe of the piece, to invert the order of the 

 pairs, or to conftruct the mufic in fuch a manner, as to lead the 

 hearer occafionally to confider thofe bars as the firft or leading 

 bars of a pair, which, from the place in which they Hand in 

 the piece, ought to be accounted the fecond or following. This 

 is done in various ways. When a (train, for inftance, happens 

 to clofe upon the beginning of an odd bar, in place of com- 

 pleting the time of the even bar which mould follow it, by 

 found or (ilence, that (train is either immediately repeated, or a 

 new (train is introduced *. When, again, a (train concludes 

 upon the firft of an even bar, the key-note, or one of its har- 

 monics, with which that bar begins, is fometimes made the 

 commencement of a new (train, and of courfe to (tand as the 

 leading bar of the next pair "j". This is very often praclifed by 

 the compofers of inftrumental fymphonies, when it is intended 

 by them, that the pa(Tage thus brought in fhould be fenfibly 

 different in loudnefs or in (tyle from what went before. A bold 

 and animated (train efpecially, in which all the inftruments join 

 and exert their whole power, is thought to produce a greater 

 effect, when it is introduced in this fudden and abrupt manner. 

 The arrangement of the pairs is alfo fometimes inverted, by 

 the repetition of a bar in the middle of a (train. Such repeti- 

 tions feem, upon fome occafions, to give the appearance of 

 greater buftle and confufion to mufic that is impetuous and 

 rapid J. Laftly, the firft bar of a movement, or of fome parti- 

 cular 



* Eleventh periodical overture, laft movement, at the thirty-firft bar. 



f The fame movement at the forty-feventh bar, where the original arrangement of the 

 pairs is reftored. 



% Third quartetto by Haydn, firft fet, laft movement, at the 15th bar of the firft 

 part, and the 29th bar of the fecond part. 



