﻿FELIS SPELiEA. 119 



in form the fmstram of a compressed conoid, the proximal surface being horizontal, while 

 the distal points diagonally upwards at an angle of forty-five degrees. The shaft is nearly 

 straight, cylindrical, and slightly enlarged at the ends, and when compared with that of 

 the Bear is far more massive. It gives the idea of immense strength combined with great 

 lightness. 



A stout ridge runs from the posterior edge of the head, parallel to the distal surface of 

 the neck, to the smaller trochanter, or " trochantine" as it is termed by Straus-Durckheim, 

 which is an oval process with its long axis parallel to the neck. To its smooth summit is 

 attached the psoas muscle, the iliacus internus in the Cat being merely a second head of 

 the latter. Prom the outer and lower base of the trochantine a sharp edge turns diago- 

 nally upwards, and forms the external edge of the great trochanter, and affords attachment 

 to the quadratus. The trochanter is formed on the same plan as in Man, but is pro- 

 portionally larger and higher ; it is separated from the neck behind by the great trochan- 

 terian cavity in which the tendons of the obturator muscles are inserted. Its external 

 summit is chamfered and hollowed for the attachment of the pyriformis ; to its rounded 

 outer summit (fig. 4, b) is attached the gluteus medius, and anteriorly to the massive 

 tuberosity (fig. 4, c) the gluteus maximus. 



The adductores longus and magnus are in the Feles extensor muscles of the thigh, 

 and therefore require an attachment posterior to the lateral position they occupy in Man. 

 Consequently the sharp ridge forming the outer lip of the linea aspera in Man is, as it 

 were, removed to the extreme outer edge of the posterior surface of the bone, and the two 

 above-named muscles, termed in their new position curvatus and arquatus by Straus- 

 Durckheim, occupy the greater part of the posterior surface. The inner lip of the linea 

 aspera is represented by a slightly roughened surface passing diagonally across the bone, 

 and affords attachment in its upper part to the adductor brevis and the pectinseus. 



The outer lip of the linea aspera is roughened and enlarged immediately below the 

 lateral tuberosity of the great trochanter, so as to form a rudimentary third, which affords 

 attachment to the gluteus maximus. Inferiorly it may be traced to the external angle of 

 the outer tuberosity above the outer condyle. 



This external position of the linea aspera causes the origin of the vastus externus to be 

 entirely on the anterior and external surfaces, and it consequently occupies the whole of 

 the upper part of this surface of the bone and the anterior edge of the linea, while the 

 part corresponding internally is occupied by the vastus internus ; between them are the 

 origins of the crural proximally and the subcrural distally. The second head of the 

 triceps cruris attache'd in Man to the outer lip of the linea aspera has no analogue 

 in Felis. 



The distal extremity of the femur differs remarkably from that of Man. The two con- 

 dyles (fig. 5, 1 1') are subequal, the internal (figs. 4, 5, /) being somewhat the larger, and 

 reaching slightly further down. The intercondylian anterior articulation (figs. 4 5/) for the 

 patella is square in outline, and is defined by a high and well-marked ridge ; it occupies 



