﻿124 



PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



diagonally by a strong ridge into two concave depressions for the reception of the condyles 

 of the astragalus. The inner of these is by far the deeper, because the internal malleolus 

 (fig. 1, 1", r) descends much further than the internal (figs. 1, 1", s). The internal 

 malleolus is rough and massive, and traversed posteriorly by a small groove (fig. 1", t), 

 running downwards and forwards, which is converted into a canal by an investing 

 ligament, and receives the tendons of the tibialis posticus, and the flexor longus digitorum. 

 The external edge of the outer facet (figs. 1, \", s) is rounded off to receive the small 

 internal and lateral articulation of the fibula. 



§1/3. Measurements. — The only difference to be found between the tibiae of the 

 Felis spelaa and the living Lion and Tiger is the massive proportions of the former. 

 The specimen (fig. 1) is perfect, with the exception of the proximal epiphysis. Had the 

 latter been present it would have been of nearly exactly the same length as that of the 

 lion in our own possession, whereas the following table of measurements shows how 

 much they differ in bulk. Other fragments in the Taunton Museum corroborate this 

 evidence, and the most slender of the larger specimens is more massive than any leonine 

 or tigrine bone which we have seen. Others, however, differ very little from the propor- 

 tions of those in the two latter animals, and the whole form a graduated series without 

 any break. In the large spelaean tibiae the tuberosities are somewhat larger, and the 

 tubercle for the patellar tendon passes further down on the crest, so as to form an 

 attachment proportional to the massiveness of the limb. 



Comparative Measurements. 





Felis spelma. 



Felis leo. 



F. tigris. 



Taunton Museum. 



CO 



< 



s 



3 

 «o 



at 



3 



s 



•5 



"3 



pa 



i— t 

 iH 



112, British Museum. 

 Asiatic Lioness. 



S 



3 



i 



•5 

 3 



r-4 



c i 



so 



<u o 

 J- <4-« 



3 -a 



60 C 



E a 



a 

 <u . 



.5 > 



go 



5 



o 



O 



a 



S 



> 



a 



o 



X 



T3 

 j- 

 o 



>3 



c 



OS 



tn 



> 

 as 

 U 



a 



o 



a 

 a> 



3 



> 



3. 

 o 



r3 

 as 

 a> 



s 



0> 



> 

 o 



c 



o 

 •a 

 as 

 to 



3 



1. Maximum length 

















12-50 



11-80 



11-6 



11-4 



2. Minimum circum- 

























ference 



4-80 







4-25 



4-50 



3-90 



4-50 



3-28 



300 



3-2 



3 3 



3. Transverse measure- 

























ment of proximal 

 articulation 





3-60 



3-20 











3-00 



2-70 



29 



29 



4. Vertical ditto 





2-80 



2-60 





... 







2-20 



1-80 



1-6 



1-6 



5. Transverse measure- 

























ment of distal 

























articulation 



3-00 















2-30 



2-08 



1-9 



1-9 



6. Vertical ditto 



1-90 















1-30 



1-21 



1-2 



1-2 



