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PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



List of Species. 



Caves. 



Banwell. 



Bleadon. 



Sandford 

 Hill. 



Lunel-Viel. 



Gibraltar. 



Gailen- 

 reuth. 



Cervus megaceros, Hart 



C. dama, L 



Bos primiqenius, Boi 





X 

 X 



X 

 X 

 X 



X 



X 

 X 



X 

 X 



X 

 X 

 X 



X 

 X 



? 



X 

 X 

 X 

 X 



X 



X 

 X 



X 

 X 

 X 



? 



X 

 X 



X 

 X 

 X 



X 

 X 



X 

 X 



1 

 1 

 X 

 X 

 X 

 X 

 X 



X 



X 

 X 



X 



X 

 X 



X 



X 



Capra ibex, L 



Hippopotamus major \ Desm 



Rhinoceros hemitcechus, Falc 



R. tichorhinus, Cuv 



Elephas antiquus, Falc 



E. primigenius, Blum 



Lemmus, sp 



Lepus cuniculus, Pall 



L. diJuvianus, Serr 



Lagomys spelceus, Ow 



Spermophilus erythrogenoidjes, Falc 



S. 1 



Arvicola pratensis, Bell 



A. agrestis, Flem , 



Castor fiber, L 



Mus musculus, L 



§ 4. Mange of F. pardus. — The present home of the Panther or Leopard is to be found 

 in the warm regions of Africa and Asia, and not in Europe, or the colder districts of Asia. 

 The occurrence of the animal in the caves of Gibraltar proves that in the Pleistocene 

 period it passed northwards into Spain, while the discovery of its remains in France indi- 

 cates that it ranged over that region, and those in Gailenreuth Cave that it lived in 

 Central Germany. The remains in the Mendip Caves show that it passed northwards 

 over what is now the Channel, to prey upon the Reindeer, Bisons, and Horses of Somer- 

 setshire. Throughout this area it was very rare as compared with the contemporary Lions, 

 Bears, and Hysenas. 



The presence of this beautiful feline in Britain, now only living in a warm climate, 

 may easily be explained by the hypothesis that it migrated northwards from time to time 

 from the warmer regions around the Mediterranean ; and it is very probable that the 

 Arctic severity of the Pleistocene winter was the cause of its rarity in our latitude. 



