﻿220 
  ACTINOPTEEYGII. 
  

  

  and 
  in 
  the 
  short 
  lobe 
  at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  pectoral 
  fin 
  there 
  

   are 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  long, 
  hour-glass-shaped 
  supporting 
  

   cartilages 
  (p.h.), 
  which 
  were 
  probably 
  not 
  less 
  than 
  nine 
  

   in 
  number. 
  Thirty-five 
  rays 
  can 
  be 
  distinctly 
  observed 
  

   in 
  the 
  pectoral 
  fin 
  on 
  the 
  counterpart, 
  and 
  there 
  may 
  

   have 
  been 
  a 
  few 
  more 
  ; 
  about 
  five 
  of 
  the 
  foremost 
  rays 
  

   gradually 
  increase 
  in 
  length 
  and 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  un- 
  

   divided, 
  while 
  the 
  remainder 
  are 
  divided 
  and 
  sparsely 
  

   articulated 
  distally. 
  The 
  region 
  which 
  would 
  support 
  

   the 
  pelvic 
  fins 
  is 
  broken 
  away, 
  and 
  the 
  anterior 
  portion 
  

   of 
  the 
  anal 
  fin 
  is 
  similarly 
  destroyed. 
  The 
  dorsal 
  and 
  

   caudal 
  fins, 
  however, 
  are 
  very 
  satisfactorily 
  preserved. 
  

   The 
  dorsal 
  is 
  borne 
  on 
  31 
  or 
  32 
  supports, 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  

   be 
  slightly 
  the 
  deepest 
  at 
  its 
  middle 
  ; 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  short 
  

   and 
  stout 
  basal 
  rays 
  (or 
  a 
  ridge-scale 
  and 
  a 
  ray) 
  in 
  front, 
  

   undivided, 
  and 
  the 
  second 
  somewhat 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  first 
  ; 
  

   then 
  three 
  gradually 
  lengthening 
  rays 
  succeed, 
  each 
  arti- 
  

   culated 
  but 
  not 
  branching 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  remainder 
  of 
  the 
  fin 
  

   consists 
  of 
  28 
  well-spaced 
  rays, 
  each 
  very 
  stout, 
  closely 
  

   articulated, 
  widened, 
  and 
  dichotomously 
  branching 
  from 
  

   a 
  point 
  quite 
  close 
  to 
  its 
  base. 
  The 
  anal 
  fin-rays 
  are 
  

   similar, 
  as 
  also 
  are 
  those 
  forming 
  the 
  middle 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   tail. 
  The 
  caudal 
  fin 
  is 
  fan-shaped, 
  surrounding 
  the 
  

   hinder 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  pedicle, 
  and 
  having 
  a 
  sinuously 
  convex 
  

   posterior 
  border. 
  Its 
  marginal 
  rays 
  above 
  and 
  below 
  

   are 
  simple, 
  and 
  gradually 
  increase 
  in 
  length, 
  while 
  the 
  

   fifth 
  or 
  sixth 
  is 
  the 
  first 
  exhibiting 
  articulations. 
  All 
  the 
  

   principal 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  squamation 
  are 
  displayed, 
  and 
  

   the 
  scales 
  of 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  flank 
  are 
  shown 
  to 
  be 
  

   united 
  above 
  and 
  below 
  by 
  the 
  characteristic 
  jagged 
  suture 
  

   (fig. 
  1 
  b). 
  The 
  fine 
  lines 
  radiating 
  beneath 
  the 
  tubercular 
  

   ornament 
  from 
  a 
  point 
  on 
  the 
  anterior 
  margin 
  of 
  many 
  

   scales 
  are 
  apparently 
  a 
  structural 
  feature 
  ; 
  the 
  radiation 
  

   being 
  exhibited 
  also 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  face 
  of 
  

   some 
  scales 
  exposed 
  near 
  the 
  ventral 
  border. 
  The 
  vertical 
  

   flank-series 
  become 
  irregular 
  as 
  they 
  approach 
  the 
  dorsal 
  

   margin 
  throughout 
  the 
  trunk, 
  and 
  towards 
  the 
  ventral 
  

   margin 
  in 
  the 
  caudal 
  region. 
  Intercalary 
  vertical 
  series 
  

   (ic.) 
  of 
  variable 
  length 
  are 
  thrust 
  between 
  them. 
  At 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  dorsal 
  and 
  anal 
  fins 
  they 
  are 
  subdivided 
  into 
  

   very 
  small, 
  irregularly 
  lozenge-shaped 
  scales 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  

   arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  scales 
  on 
  the 
  caudal 
  lobe 
  is 
  also 
  

   not 
  very 
  regular. 
  A 
  few 
  narrow 
  scales, 
  likewise 
  not 
  con- 
  

  

  