PYGATHRIX 37 
first impression it makes upon the observer is that it is specifically 
distinct from P. RUBICUNDA; but after examining a series of this red 
monkey from northwest Borneo, some of them from Mt. Mulu, the 
type locality of ignita, with numerous examples in the United States 
National Museum from southeast Borneo, they were found to be 
identical in color of coat and in character of skull. Of course there 
was individual variation, but both the dark hue, characteristic of 
typical RUBICUNDA and light red answering to typical ignitus were 
present, and all the skulls had the light mandible and slender ascending 
ramus seen in RUBICUNDA, but not in the island form P. CARIMATZ. 
The variation observable among the specimens in the shades and tints 
of red in their pelage was independent of age or locality. I have 
therefore placed P. ignita as a synonym of the present species. 
Since I examined Dr. Abbott’s material, in the United States 
National Museum, of P. rubicunda, Dr. Lyon (1. c.) has described a 
specimen from Batu Jurong, southwestern Borneo, as distinct under 
the name of Pygathrix rubicunda rubida. The specimen from this 
part of the island should be compared with those from other parts 
of Borneo, not with P. carimate which is distinct. Between P. r. 
rubida and P. r. ignita (locality of last named specimen not mentioned, 
but supposedly Mt. Mulu), the only differences observable in the table 
of comparisons,on page 139, are “Fossa between pterygoids relatively 
deep, and the outer edge of posterior zygomatic root as a rule not 
separated from outer mastoid edge by a distinct space or groove, the 
two edges soon confluent” in P. r. ignita; per contra, we have, “Fossa 
between pterygoids relatively shallow, and outer edge of posterior 
zygomatic root separated from outer mastoid edge by a more or less 
well defined groove or distinct space” in P. r. rubida. The italics are 
mine. It would seem that one of these characters in the case of P. 1. 
ignita is not always present, and that the same one in P, r. rubida 
varies among individuals. There is no difference mentioned in the 
color of the examples. When examining the same material which 
proved that P. r. ignita could not be separated from P. rubicunda both 
being found on Mt. Mulu, as mentioned above, I was unable to dis- 
cover any character important enough to base a separation of these 
monkeys from various parts of Borneo, any one from another, and it 
does not seem that those advanced by Dr. Lyon are of sufficient im- 
portance to create even subspecific distinctness, and the name bestowed 
by him is therefore placed among the synonyms of the present species. 
