PYGATHRIX 75 
This is a very large monkey, a giant by the side of either P. JoHNI 
or P. CEPHALOLOPTERA, but in color resembling the former almost 
exactly. It is confined to the mountainous portions of Ceylon. 
Kelaart states that this species is “usually seen in large numbers 
jumping on the trees, and when disturbed make a short howling noise” ; 
while Tennent says that “at early morning, ere the day begins to dawn, 
their loud and peculiar howl, which consists of quick repetition of the 
sound kow-kow, may be frequently heard in the mountain jungles.” 
Subgenus Trachypithecus. 
2—2 1-44 2—2 e953, 
lL as , G gas P. 3; M. =3=3?- 
Whiskers long ; pelage blackish or silvery gray. 
PYGATHRIX AURATA (E. Geoffroy). 
La guenon négre Buft., Hist. Quadr., I, 3me ed., 1793, p. 206. 
Cercopithecus maurus (nec Erxleb., nec Sehreb.), Geoff., Ann. 
Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, XIX, 1812, p. 93; Desm., Nouv. Dict. 
Hist. Nat., XV, 1817, p. 576; Id. Mamm., 1820, p. 55; Kuhl, 
Beitr. Zool., 1820, p. 12. 
Cercopithecus auratus E. Geoff., Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, XIX, © 
1812, p. 93; Desm., Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., XV, 1817, p. 
576; Id. Mamm., 1820, p. 56; Kuhl, Beitr. Zool., 1820, p. 
10; Less., Man. Mamm., 1827, p. 35; Temm., Monog. Mamm., 
I, 1827, p. 14; Griff., Anim. Kingd., V, 1829, p. 11. 
Semnopithecus pyrrhus Horsf., Zool. Resch., Java, 1820, pl. 9; 
Id. Cat. Mamm. Mus. E. Ind. Co., 1838, p. 5; Martin, 
Charlesw., Mag. Nat. Hist., II, New Ser., 1838, p. 438; Wagn., 
Schreb., Saugth. Suppl., I, 1840, p. 94; Less., Spec. Mamm., 
1840, p. 64; I. Geoff., Cat. Primates, 1851, p. 15; Reichenb., 
Vollstand. Naturg. Affen, 1862, p. 91, fig. 216. 
Simia aurata F. Cuv., Dict. Scien. Nat., XX, 1821, p. 34. 
Semnopithecus maurus (nec Schreb.), F. Cuv., Hist. Nat. Mamm., 
1822, pl. XII; Horsf., Zool. Resch., Java, 1824, pl.; Desmoul., 
Dict. Class. Hist. Nat., VII, 1825, p. 570; Less., Man. Mamm., 
* 1827, p. 40; Jd. Compl. Buff., IV, 1828-30, p. 30; Griff., Anim. 
Kingd., V, 1827, p. 9; E. Geoff., Cours Hist. Nat. Mamm., 
1828, p. 4, 8me Legon; G. Cuv., Régn. Anim., I, Nouv. ed., 
1829, p. 94; Fisch., Syn. Mamm., 1829, p. 15, (Part.); I. 
Geoff., Bélang., Voy., Zool., 1832, p. 42; Schleg., Essai 
Phys. Serp., Pt. Gen., 1837, p. 237; Waterh., Cat. Mamm. 
