GORILLA 207 
“3rd. The next character, which is a more anthropoid one, though 
explicable in the greater weight of the skull to be poised on the atlas, 
is the great prominence of the mastoid processes in the T. gorilla, 
which are only represented by a rough ridge in the T. niger. 
“4th. The ridge which extends from the ecto-pterygoid along the 
inner border of the foramen ovale terminates in the T. gorilla by an 
angle process answering to that called ‘styliform or spinous’ in man, 
but of which there is no trace in T. niger. 
“Sth. The palate is narrower in proportion to the teeth in the 
T. gorilla, but the premaxillary portion is relatively longer in the T. 
niger.” 
In contradistinction to this Dr. Wyman states as follows: “The 
larger ridge over the eyes, and the crest on top of the head and occiput, 
with the corresponding development of the temporal muscles, form 
the most striking features. The submaxillary bones articulating with 
the nasals, as in the other quadrumana and most brutes; the expanded 
portion of the nasals between the frontals, or an additional osseous 
element of this prove an independent bone; the vertically broader and 
more arched zygomata, contrasting with the more slender and hori- 
zontal ones of the Chimpanzee; the more quadrate foramen lacerum 
of the orbit; the less perfect infraorbital canal, the orbits less dis- 
tinctly defined; the larger and more tumid cheek bones; the more 
quadrangular nasal orifice, which is depressed on the floor; the greater 
length of the ossa palati; the more widely expanded tympanic cells, 
extending not only to the mastoid process, but to the squamous portion 
of the temporal bones—these would, of themselves, be sufficient to 
counterbalance all the anatomical characters of the (enge-ena) gorilla. 
“When, however, we add to these the more quadrate outline of 
the upper jaws; the existence of larger and more deeply-grooved 
canines; molars with cusps on the outer side, longer and more sharply 
pointed ; the dentes sapientiz of equal size with the other molars; the 
prominent ridge between the outer posterior and the anterior inner 
cusps; the absence of a crista-galli; a cranial cavity almost behind 
the orbits of the eyes; the less perfectly marked depressions for the 
cerebral convolutions; and above all, the small cranial capacity in 
proportion to the size of the body, no reasonable grounds for doubt 
remain that the enge-ena occupies a lower position, and consequently 
recedes farther from man than the Chimpanzee. * * * 
“While the proportions of the ulna and humerus are more nearly 
human than the Chimpanzee, those of the humerus and femur recede 
