210 GORIELA 
caused by age or sex, that was different from the type. Three faces 
have been described from Cameroon—diehl: from northern Cameroon ; 
matschie and jacobi from southern and western Cameroon, and, when 
more material has been obtained, these may be entitled to a racial 
distinction; for it is hardly to be supposed that there would exist in 
the same tract of country, distinct forms of these Apes, whose roving 
habits, caused by the necessity of obtaining food in large quantities, 
compel them to travel widely. With our present material their rank 
cannot be determined, but the variations shown in the skulls now in 
the collections, are so considerable that they give no clue towards a 
settlement of the problem how any kind of distinctive rank can be 
established. The specimens obtained exhibit a very large animal, but 
more material is required before it can be proved if more than one 
race, of the three described, exists. 
From the Gaboon two forms have been described, G. GORILLA, 
longest known species of the genus, and G. g. castaneiceps, but it is 
extremely doubtful if the last one is entitled to any racial distinction. 
There are probably but two species of Gorillas, so far as our 
present knowledge permits a decision to be reached. G. GorILLA from 
the Gaboon, and G. BERINGERI from German East Africa. These have 
little in common with each other, and their widely separated habitats 
preclude all likelihood of any approach or contact, but the status of the 
Cameroon Gorillas has yet to be determined. 
LITERATURE OF THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES. 
1847. Wyman, in Journal of the Natural History Society of Boston. 
GORILLA GORILLA, first described from a skull as Troglodytes 
gorilla. 
1848. Owen, in Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 
GORILLA GORILLA from the Gaboon, supposed to be a species of 
Chimpanzee, and called Troglodytes savaget. 
1851. Owen, in Transactions of the Zoological Society of London. 
A paper on the osteology of the GoRILLA GORILLA, and com- 
parisons made between its skull and dentition and those of other 
Anthropoid Apes. 
1859. Owen, in Transactions of the Zoological Society of London. 
Memoir on an example of GoRILLA GORILLA received in spirits, 
with a comparison of its external characters and those of other 
Anthropoid Apes, and he decides that the Gorilla is nearest to 
man, and not generically different from the Chimpanzee! 
