﻿GO 
  

  

  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  GEOGRAPHIC 
  MAGAZINE 
  

  

  Drawn 
  by 
  James 
  M. 
  Darley 
  

  

  A 
  SKETCH 
  MAP 
  OF 
  SPAIN 
  AND 
  THE 
  BASQUE 
  PROVINCES 
  

  

  Tn 
  three 
  small 
  provinces 
  of 
  northern 
  Spain 
  — 
  Guipuzcoa, 
  Vizcaya, 
  and 
  Alava 
  — 
  live 
  the 
  

   Basques, 
  who 
  proudly 
  claim 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  oldest 
  unmixed 
  race 
  in 
  Europe 
  (see 
  also 
  "The 
  Races 
  

   of 
  Europe," 
  in 
  the 
  National 
  Geographic 
  Magazine; 
  for 
  December, 
  1918). 
  Across 
  the 
  Spanish 
  

   border 
  is 
  a 
  French 
  contingent 
  of 
  this 
  race, 
  whose 
  most 
  distinguished 
  scion 
  is 
  Marshal 
  Foch. 
  

  

  call 
  themselves, 
  are 
  decidedly 
  different. 
  

   Even 
  the 
  Basque 
  tongue 
  (Euskara) 
  is 
  

   tot 
  allv 
  unintelligible 
  to 
  the 
  Spaniard, 
  and 
  

   it 
  is 
  spoken 
  almost 
  exclusively 
  by 
  the 
  

   peasants 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  little 
  provinces 
  of 
  

   Guipuzcoa, 
  Vizcaya, 
  and 
  Alava, 
  though 
  

   Spanish 
  is 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  larger 
  towns 
  and 
  

   cities. 
  A 
  Basque 
  newspaper, 
  and 
  there 
  

   arc 
  several 
  of 
  them, 
  resembles 
  Polish 
  

   quite 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  it 
  docs 
  Spanish. 
  

  

  "the 
  oddest 
  unmixed 
  race 
  in 
  Europe" 
  

  

  The 
  history 
  of 
  these 
  "Yankees" 
  of 
  

   Spain, 
  who 
  proudly 
  claim 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  oldest 
  

   unmixed 
  race 
  in 
  Europe, 
  is 
  a 
  repetition 
  

   of 
  determined 
  efforts 
  to 
  defend 
  and 
  re- 
  

  

  tain 
  the 
  natural 
  rights 
  and 
  liberties 
  which 
  

   they 
  have 
  enjoyed 
  since 
  time 
  immemorial. 
  

   They 
  had 
  certain 
  fucros, 
  or 
  special 
  privi- 
  

   leges, 
  to 
  which 
  they 
  held 
  through 
  thick 
  

   and 
  thin, 
  and 
  way 
  back 
  in 
  1202 
  they 
  stub- 
  

   bornly 
  refused 
  to 
  become 
  incorporated 
  

   with 
  the 
  provinces 
  of 
  Leon, 
  Navarre, 
  and 
  

   Castile 
  until 
  the 
  privileges 
  had 
  been 
  duly 
  

   recognized 
  and 
  acknowledged. 
  

  

  These 
  privileges 
  gave 
  the 
  Basques, 
  

   among 
  other 
  things, 
  a 
  republican 
  consti- 
  

   tution 
  in 
  their 
  three 
  little 
  provinces, 
  im- 
  

   munity 
  from 
  taxation 
  and 
  freedom 
  from 
  

   national 
  military 
  service, 
  though 
  they 
  

   maintained 
  certain 
  forces 
  of 
  their 
  own. 
  

  

  But 
  the 
  Vascongados, 
  wearing 
  the 
  

  

  