Non-Hellenic Portion of the Latin Language. 555 



not when the qu or q was thrown out of the Greek alphabet ; probably it was 

 rejected with all the harsher sounds represented by the letter w, whether single 

 or preceded by gutturals. We know that in some cases it was replaced in Attic 

 Greek by the « } in Ionic by the x, e g. the Latin qua became in the former dia- 

 lect w»j, in the latter x»). This change was imported to a certain extent into Italy, 

 as we find from Festus that the Oscans called quidquid, pitpit or pirpit, and 

 quispiam and nuspiam became Latin words. But the Cumrian, which broke 

 off its connection with the Latin language before it formed or admitted the pro- 

 noun relative qui, qua?, quod, (a form of speech unknown both to the Cumrian 

 and Homeric languages) writes the important interrogatives Pwy, " who ?" and Pa, 

 " what ?" invariably with a P, while the latter word is again in Irish ka. With 

 this previous explanation I venture to submit, that the Cum. Pa val, of what kind ? 

 compounded of pa and mal, " like, 1 " 1 and Pa vaint, of what size ? made up of pa 

 and maint, " size," furnish us, if we change again the Cum. pa into the Latin qua, 

 with the true origin and meaning of the Latin 

 Qualis, of what kind ; 

 Quantus, of what size. 

 For further illustration, I furnish a copy of some observations from Ow. Diet. 

 under maint, mal, pa. Maint, 1 " magnitude, size, bigness, greatness, quantity.' 1 '' Pa 

 vaint syd yna, " quantum sit in eo" (loco). Mal, " like, similar to," mal hyn, pro- 

 nounced val hyn, " in this manner." Pa, " what/ 1 pa vod, " in what manner," Quo 

 modo. 



Qualus, a basket of twigs, wicker work. Cum. cawell, a hamper or basket ; root, caw, 

 '* a holder which retains or keeps things together.'' 



Talpa, a mole, from Cum. talp and talpen, " a mass, a lump, a knoll, a round heap 

 not large, a knob ;" in the same manner as Mole came from mould-warp, " the 

 caster up of earth." 



Trans, " on the further side of, beyond, over, across;" root, Tra, as may be seen 

 in ultra contra, intra, &c. But Cum. Tra is a noun (vid. Ow. Diet.), " an extreme, 

 an excess," also a preposition, as tra munid, " over the mountain," trans montem, 

 tra mor, " trans mare." The Latin noun trabs, a cross-beam, is the Cum. Traws, 

 u a cross beam, or a cross man " . 



Vagina, a sheath. Italian, guaina. Cum. gwain, signifying both " a sheath or the 

 carriage of a sword," as our ancestors called it, and " a waggon," the vulgar 

 pronunciation of vagina, as wain is that of gwain. 



Vates, a name for Roman poets before the time of Ennius, as he thus attacks N.evius, 



scripsere alii rem 



Versibus quos olim Fauni Vatesque canebant." 



1 Maint in French (magnitude applied to numbers, in Cum. to size, two relations which continually 

 interchange, as Taugei, a few, parvus, small), is a derivative from Magnus, or some cognate form. 

 Magnitas in French, would become Maint, as Magis becomes Mais, Pagus Pais, &c. 



VOL. XIII. PART II. 4 B 



