TABLE OF DISTANCES. 37 



Transportation and means of travel.— Transportation and travel in this barren 

 reo-ion is principally by native skin boats along the coast and streams during the 

 short open summer, and by dog sled over the snow and ice in winter; though the 

 north coast Eskimos sometimes make trips into the interior from the mouth of 

 Chipp (Ikpikpuk) River southward to the head of Colville, Noatak, and Kowak 

 rivers. Their knowledge of the country in general is not definite beyond a distance 

 of 40 or 50 miles from the coast. 



The native skin boats, or umiaks, are usually made of walrus skin. Being light, 

 flat-bottomed, and responsive to sail, they are admirably adapted for use in the 

 shallow waters of the deltas and tidal mud flats so characteristic of the Arctic coast, 

 and for small craft are very seaworthy. 



TABLE OF DISTANCES. 



The following table, prepared by Mr. Peters, is here inserted to afford an idea 

 of approximate distances along the route of travel. 



Distances up John River. 



Mouth of John River 



Fool Creek - 51 



Hunt Fork 92 



Rocky Gorge 106 



Anaktuvuk Pass - - - . 120 



Cache Lake - - 125 



Distances down Anaktuvuk and Colville rivers. 



Cache Lake - - 



Canyon 43 



Small grove Balm of Gilead 54 



Ice field 63- 



Two native huts 101. 5 



Mouth of Anaktuvuk River 114 



Rapid « 117 



Rapid« 119.5 



Rapid « 121 



Sentinel Hill 140 



Rapid« 143 



Rapid « - 147 



Rapid a _ _ _ 157 



Ocean Point , 164 



Head of delta 192. 5 



Arctic Ocean 212 



"These rapi 3s are short stretches of the river, running about 6 or 7 miles an hour, with no rough water. 



