258 DESCRIPTIONS OP MINERALS. 



Pyrope, A magnesia alumina-garnet Mg 3 A10 12 Si 3 . Color 

 deep red, but varying to black and green. 



Spessartite. A manganese alumina -garnet (Mn,Fe) 3 Al 

 12 Si 3 , some iron replacing part of the manganese. Color 

 red, brownish red, hyacinth-red. A Haddam specimen af- 

 forded Seybert, Silica 35 8, alumina, 18*1, iron protoxide 

 14*9, manganese protoxide 31*0. 



II. Irox-Garxet. 



Andradite. A lime iron-garnet, Ca 3 Fe0 12 Si3. Colors 

 various, from that of almandite or common garnet, to a 

 wine-yellow, as in Topazolite ; green, as in Jelletite ; and 

 black, as in Melanite and Pyreneite. 



Colophonite is a dark-red to brownish-yellow coarse gran- 

 ular garnet having often iridescent hues. 



Aplome is a red variety. Rothoffite has manganese in place 

 of part of the lime, and a yellowish-brown to reddish-brown 

 color. 



Ytter-garnet contains yttria in place of part of the lime. 



Bredbergite. A lime-magnesia iron-garnet. 



III. Chrome-Garxet. 



Ouvarovite. An emerald-green lime chrome-garnet (Ca, 

 Mg) 3 Fe O l9 Si 3 . G. =3*41-3-42. 



Diff. The vitreous lustre of fractured garnet, and its 

 usual dodecahedral forms, are easy characters for distin- 

 guishing it. 



Obs. Garnet occurs abundantly in mica schist, horn- 

 blende schist, and gneiss, and somewhat less frequently in 

 granite and granular limestone ; sometimes in serpentine; 

 occasionally in trap, and other igneous rocks. 



The best precious garnets are from Ceylon and Green- 

 land ; cinnamon stone comes from Ceylon and Sweden ; 

 grossularite occurs in the Wilui River, Siberia, and at Tel- 

 lemarken in Xorway ; green garnets are found at Schwartz- 

 enberg, Saxony ; melanite, in the Vesuvian lavas ; oitvaro- 

 vite, at Bissersk in Russia ; topazolite, at Mussa, Piedmont. 



In the United States, precious garnets, of small size, oc- 

 cur at Hanover, X. H. ; and a clear and deep red variety, 

 sometimes called pyrope, comes from Green's Creek, Dela- 

 ware County, Penn. Dodecahedrons, of a dark red color, 

 occur at Haverhill and Springfield, X. H., some 1£ inches 

 through; also at New Fane, Vt., still larger; at Unity, 

 Brunswick, Streaked Mountain, and elsewhere, Maine ; at 

 Monroe, Lyme and Redding, Conn. ; Bedford, Chesterfield, 



