TTNISILICATE9. 



259 



Barre, Brookfield, and Brimfield, Mass. ; Dover, Dutchess 

 County. Roger's Rock, Crown Point, Essex County, N. Y. ; 

 Franklin, N. J. Cinnamon-colored crystals occur at Carlisle, 

 Mass., transparent, and also at Boxborough ; with ido- 

 crase at Parsonstield, Phippsburg and Rnmford, Me. ; at 

 Amherst, N. H. ; at Amity, N. Y., and Franklin, N. J. ; 

 at Dixon's Quarry, seven miles from Wilmington, Del., in 

 fine trapezohedral crystals. Melanite is found at Franklin, 

 N. J., and German town, Penn. Chrome garnet is found 

 in Orford, Canada. Colophonite is abundant at Willsbor- 

 ough and Lewis, Essex County, N. Y. : it occurs also at 

 North Madison, Conn. 



The garnet is the carbuncle of the ancients. The ala- 

 bandic carbuncles of Pliny were so called because cut and 

 polished at Alabanda, and hence the name Almandine now 

 in use. The garnet is also supposed to have been the hya- 

 cinth of the ancients. 



The clear deep-red garnets make a rich gem, and are 

 much used. Those of Pegu are most highly valued. They 

 are cut quite thin, on account of their depth of color. The 

 cinnamon stone is also employed for the same purpose. 

 Pulverized garnet is sometimes employed as a substitute 

 for emery. 



Pliny describes vessels, of the capacity of a pint, formed 

 from large carbuncles, "devoid of lustre and transpa- 

 rency, and of a dingy color," which probably were large 

 garnets. 



Zircon. 



Dimetric. /A/=132 o 10'; 1A1 = 123°19'. Cleavage parallel 

 to 7, but imperfect. Usually in crystals ; but also granular. 



1. 



3. 



ill "I " i " / j ] 



^w 



Color brownish red, brown, and red, of clear tints ; also 

 yellow, gray, and white. Streak uncolored. Lustre more 

 or less adamantine. Often transparent ; also nearly opaque. 

 Fracture conchoidal, brilliant. II. =7*5. G. =4'0-4 , 8. 



