Publ. 31. XJI. 1923. 



CHIOMARA. By Dr. M. Draudt. 



913 



The green larva with a black head lives on Chenopodium, Amaranthus and Labiates such as Monarda ; 

 it spins a leaf together with few threads in a cymbiform shape and feeds only at night. Common in the whole 

 temperate North America. 



Ph. mejicanus Beak. (177 h) is similar, the submarginal row of spots, however, is very much curved, mejicanus. 

 and at the cell-end there is a minute white dot. In the $ the small spots are somewhat larger. Beneath there 

 are mostly only 3 or -t subapical clots; the colour is particularly on the hindwing lustrous slate-coloured black 

 with darker veins. Palpi beneath white. Distributed from the south-western part of North America to Mexico. 



Ph, smodora Dyar (177 i) is much larger with broader, rounder wings, with a somewhat browner tint; smodora. 

 only the curved, submarginal row of spots and a tiny cellular dot are present. Beneath more brown, without 

 markings, only on the hindwing there are towards the anal angle some small white scale-spots. The whole 

 body is beneath Avhite. West Mexico (Guerrero). 



Ph. clytius G. S S. is smaller than me/icajms, the wings without any spots, the hindwing in the middle clytius. 

 of the distal margin more produced. The different genitals prove the insect to be a separate species. From 

 Mexico. 



Ph. alpheus Ediu. (177 i). Wings above blackish-brown, mixed with a somewhat lighter colour; on the aljjhem. 

 forewing there are 3 subapical dots, a discal dot and between the median veins a whitish submarginal streak. 

 Hindwings darker. The xmder surface is deep dark brown, on the hindwing scantily strewn with white, irre- 

 gularly marked. Palpi beneath whitish. From New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. 



Ph. libya Scddr. (177 i) is easily discernible from the other species by white fringes, and towards the Ubya. 

 apex especially in the $ a lighter, grey apex of the forewing. Hindwing beneath light grey mixed with a darker 

 shade, with white discal spots and minute white marginal spots. Nevada to Arizona and California. 



58. Genus: Chioniara G. & S. 



Palpal terminal joint porrect or somewhat pendent; antennal club comparatively obtuse. Distal margin 

 of forewing convex. Posterior tibiae with a rather dense fur, a hair-pencil and 2 pair of spurs. 



Ch. mithrax Msdilr. (= noctula Plotz) (177 i). This well-known species is of a deep blackish-brown mithrax. 

 with a slaty-black, broad discal area, proximally bordered by a row of velvety black dots; a similar row of 

 spots is situate farther distally. Beneath lighter brown, with a darkened basal part on all the wings. Mexico, 

 Guatemala, Colombia to Brazil, Cuba. 



Ch. punctum Mob. (= basigutta Plotz, marthona Schs.) (177 i) is very similar, mostly somewhat puyicium. 

 smaller, distinguished by a lighter bluish-grey, prominent postdiscal band and a very prominent black spot 

 in the proximal third of the proximal margin. AVidely distributed in South America. 



Ch. Silvia 3Iab. Size and exterior of punctum. Forewing blackish mixed with ashj'-grey; near the sihia. 

 base a broad, lilac-grey band with a thick, black dot in the submedian space ; the following black band is pomtedly 

 broken in the cell, then follows a broad greyish-lilac band traversed by 2 black stripes; the black marginal 

 area is crossed by a greyish-red dentate line. The red-brown hindwing shows 3 darker undulate lines. 

 Beneath the forewing is proximally black, in the marginal third light red-brown with a lilac apical spot. Hind- 

 wing black, distal margin red-brown, with a black cellular spot and 2 black median bands, the proximal one 

 of which is bordered with yellowish at the anal angle. Described from Bolivia. 



Ch. gesta H.-Schdff. (= blanda Plotz, invisus Btlr. <& Drc.) (178 a) is a smaller, variable, darker species, gesta. 

 blackish-brown with indistinct darker transverse bands and a dull bluish-grey postdiscal band. Occasionally 

 there are on the hindwing beneath whitish diffuse spots towards the anal part. From Mexico to South Brazil, 

 in Cuba and Jamaica. — f. gorgona Plotz (178 a) is a lighter brown form from Guatemala with reduced black gorgona. 

 spots and bands. — f. bigutta Prittiv. (177 i, 178 a) with a somewhat different band-marking, distinctly speclded bigutta. 

 fringes of the hindwing, and beneath towards the anal angle with lighter whitish hindwings; it may be better 

 regarded as a distinct species; described from Colombia. 



Ch. asychis Cr. (= dilucida Plotz) (178 a) is a very different, extremely common species and very a^ychis. 

 variable. Above greyish-brown, towards the base bluish-grey with a broad hyaline band through both wings ; 

 the uppermost spot of the band on the hindwing is bipartite; here there is in the cell another narrow, crescenti- 

 forni spot, and there are lighter antemarginal macular bands. Widely distributed fro^n Mexico to Argentina, 

 and in the Antilles; specimens from St. Vincent are darker with more distinct spots on the v.ings beneath 



Ch. onorbo Moschlr. (178 a) very much recalls asychis which it also resembles a great deal in its size onorbc 

 and shape of the wings. But beneath onorbo shows the basal area of the hindwing bluish-grey and sharply 

 defined against the white discal band from which it is separated by a dark line, just lilie the dark marginal 

 area. Above particularly the speckled marking of the distal half of the forewing deviates from asychis. Described 

 from Surinam. 



V 



115 



