26 FIRST FLOOR, WEST WING 



The Hopi are the people of the snake dance. One case contains the 



costume and insignia used in the dance, and another cere- 



monial plaques. 

 The Zuni were first visited and described by the Spanish in 1540. For 



three hundred 3 r ears and over they have resisted the inroads 



of Christianity and in spite of missionaries and churches, 

 they still maintain their own religious ceremonies. Some of their ceremonial 

 masks and idols are in a near case. The wearing apparel and pottery of 

 the Acoma and Zuni are in the northern part of the room. In one case a 

 collection of saddles, plows and various implements is evidence of Spanish 

 influence on the Indian. 



Continuing around the hall, the visitor comes to the case containing 



the serapes, blankets of wonderful design and texture made 

 Indian ^y the Mexican Indians, particularly near Saltillo. They 



were made for the wealthy Spaniards and were worn as 

 ponchos or simply thrown over the shoulder. A serape is made at the 

 present day, but it is quite different from the old-time serape. One case 

 holds a model of a Mexican Indian woman weaving a serape and a man 

 mending an arrow. 



The Pima race, next in order in the hall, extends into Mexico. These 

 p. are desert people, using the giant cactus, century plant 



and juniper berries for food. 

 To the Navajo Indian is justly acceded superiority in the field of weaving. 



Navajo blankets are of unusual beauty and design and are 



made from the wool obtained from their own sheep (intro- 

 duced into the region by the Spaniards) which they herd in great numbers. 

 To-day the blankets they weave are almost all sold, while they buy machine- 

 made blankets for their own use. One case contains valuable bayeta 

 blankets, named such because the red in them was obtained from ravelled 

 "bayeta" or flannel from Spanish military uniforms. The silversmith 

 industry was introduced arnong these Indians by the Mexicans, and the 

 buckles, bracelets and other ornaments exhibited are made from the Mexican 

 silver dollar. In an adjoining case are displayed the tools used in this work. 

 The Apache of the Southwest were not as warlike as the eastern Apache, 



but lived on their own land and wove and made baskets. 



The eastern Apache raided the country belonging to the 

 Plains Indians for buffalo, swooped down, captured their prey and returned 

 before they were overtaken by their furious pursuers. The dress, orna- 

 ments and implements of the eastern Apache are similar to those of the 

 Plains Indians. Their tipis also correspond in being made of buffalo skin. 

 The case against the south wall contains examples of basketry, the pastime 



