HAMLYN'S MENAGERIE MAGAZINE. 
The elephant belongs to a species known as 
Elephas antiquus, of the early Pleistocene epoch, 
and is much larger than the Mammoth. In geo- 
logical age the Elephas antiquus occurs earlier 
than the Mammoth, and although perhaps at one 
time contemporary, it died out sooner, and is 
thought by some to have been a direct ancestor of 
the Mammoth. 
It is believed to have been a more southern 
form, and enjoyed a milder climate than the Mam- 
moth, which was covered with shaggy red hair, as 
we know from several entire bodies which have 
been found in the frozen gravels of Northern 
Siberia. 
The present specimen is being carefully dis- 
interred by Dr. C. W. Andrews, F.R.S., one of 
the officers of the Geological Department of the 
British Museum, the scientist who discovered in 
Egypt a series of early elephantine skeletons link- 
ing up the modern elephants with lilliputian forms 
which had been found in Fayoum, Egypt — an im- 
portant work in the history of the evolutionary 
theory. 
Reconstructed Monster. 
It is thought that the Upnor specimen may be 
restored and mounted whole in the Natural His- 
tory Museum, and that it will measure in height 
at the shoulder about fourteen feet. As the bones 
are recovered they have to be covered with plaster 
of Paris and dried carefully to prevent shrinkage 
and distortion. They will have to' be finally har- 
dened with a solution of glue or shellac and alco- 
hol. This process is being carried out by one of 
the museum's "preparators," Mr. L. E. Parsons, 
who will, on returning to the museum, have to 
spend many months of work before the restoration 
is complete. 
The more fragile portions of the skull are un- 
fortunately much shattered, but they can probably 
be restored by comparison with other skulls. This 
will be the first complete Elephas antiquus pre- 
served in England. Portions have often been 
discovered, but complete specimens are extremely 
rare. This one must have been entombed in the 
gravel before the ligatures which held the bones 
together had perished. 
The remains were discovered in some old river 
terrace gravel, and it is quite possible that flint 
implements of contemporary man may also be 
discovered in or near the excavations. 
Portions of this particular species of elephant 
were also found in the bed at Mauer, which yielded 
one of thei earliest remains of man \ct discovered — 
a lower jawbone of enormous size and thickness 
known as that of the "Heidelberg man." 
The remains of the elephants discovered at 
Piltdown were, however, of earlier date, and the 
human jaw discovered with the Piltdown skull is 
Of a more primitive form than the Mauer jaw*. 
SKUNK DEVELOPMENT. 
[For the commencement of this circular which 
emanates from an American Bureau, see No. 3, 
page 3, Vol. I., of this Magazine. — Editor.] 
Conclusion. 
How can I learn to remove the scent sacs? This 
Bureau has prepared special instruments by which 
anyone can learn to remove the scent sacs. Even 
a boy can learn easily. A book of full directions 
is sent with each set of instruments and contains 
diagrams showing just how to reach the scent sacs 
and how to remove them without spilling any scent 
fluid. The book. tells-ho-w. to handle- and hold the 
skunk while removing the scent sacs so no scent 
can be thrown or escape. 
What does the set of instruments consist of? 
The set of instruments consists of one Nickel- 
Plated Dissecting Knife, one pair Nickel-Plated 
Special Extracting Forceps, one pair Nickel- 
Plated Automatic Clamping Forceps (to prevent 
escape of scent), one Nickel-Plated Hook, one 
Nickel-Plated Probe and two pairs of Goggles 
which are worn by beginners to protect the eyes 
in case of any possible accident while learning. 
Can I make any money by removing the scent 
sacs from Skunks? Yes, you should be able to 
sell the first skunk you operate on, even if striped, 
for at least $5 to someone who would like it as a 
pet or as a curiosity. A tame skunk will draw big 
crowds when placed in a store window for adver- 
tising purposes. Amusement Parks are glad to 
get them. It will thus be seen that the cost of 
instruments can at once be more than recovered 
and money can be made by selling tame skunks or 
by operating for other people. 
How can a Skunk be tamed? The skunk is 
naturally gentle and not much afraid of people. 
When the scent sacs have been removed from a 
young skunk it will be found at once quite tame 
and may be carried about in your arms like a 
kitten. If it is handled frequently it will grow up 
very tame, will come when called and will cat 
from the hand. 
Are the scent sacs the same in both sexes? 
Yes, they are the same in both sexes. They open 
into the rectum and are not related in any waj t<> 
the reproductive or urinary systems. The scenl 
fluid is not the urine as many people imagine, but 
is a special fluid which constitutes the skunk's 
only defense. 
What dors the Skunk Development Bureau pay 
for Black Skunks? This Bureau pays from $15 
to $30 each lor grade AAA (see chart), according 
to time ol year, locality and size. The scent sacs 
must be removed. The Bureau pays express 
