676 MESENE. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



paraene. margin. — paraene Bat. from Para has a still narrower black margin: a white dot is no more to be seen. 

 guiiula. ■ — guttula Stick, seems to denote a transition from hya to monostigma, being similar to the former, though 

 monostig- with the red being reduced on the forewing. Paraguay. — monostigma .Br. (135 b) has the forewing blaokish- 

 ma. brown except a narrow imier-marginal spot, the hind^^ings being more yellowish-red than vermilion, but 

 Uucophrys. the coloimng is not constant. — By the denomination of leucophrys Bates understands both narrow-and 

 broad-margined red forms, with a red or black body, exhibiting a white nucleus only in the dark border 

 of the forewing: the diagnose is not applicable to a geographically definable form. — The white spot and 

 the black margin vary to such an extent at every habitat, that entirely equal specimens are not at all before 

 me; even specimens denoting the ,,Rio Songo" as the finding-place, that are before me, exhibit a quite 

 narrow and a broader margin of the hindwing. Near Humayta on the Amazon this margin grows to be 

 3 mm broad. Ap]Darentl\ rather common. 

 cpalia. M. epalia Godt. (135 a). Recognizable by the more stretched, one-coloured wings being quite narrowly 



simplex, bordered in black. In typical epalia the S is vermilion, the 2 somewhat paler. — simplex Bat. has saffron- 

 philonis. coloured $9 and in philonis Heiv. the $ is orange-yellow. Stichel regarded these forms as synonymous, 

 as he states later on, because he took the lighter specimens to be faded; but there occur such in all shades, 

 even -in a pale ochre-yellow hue; the colouring probably depends on the red or yellow models {Eudule etc.) 

 flying at the same places. iSouth America; more to the east. 

 epajjJius. M. epaphus Stoll (134m). Above like epalia, but beneath the black apex of the forewing exhibits 



speculum, a white and a red spot. Guiana. — In speculum form. nov. appears an irregular marginal band of the hind- 

 wing, sometimes linguiformly radiating towards the centre of the wing, and the white preapical spot of 

 albiplaga. the forewing appears above in reddish-yellow; Cayenne. • — albiplaga for7n. nov. shows this spot aJso above 

 glaringly white, whereby such a great resemblance is created with certain Heterocera, that the model and 

 the copy cannot be distinguished at all in the open air, while in the net they are difficult to discern, as 

 nola. they keep their wings quite uniformly *). — nola H.-Schdff. (134 m) is like albiplaga, but the black of the 

 apex of the forewing is cut off straight and the border of the hindwing more irregular. Amazon, Guiana. 

 mullcola. — mulleola Stich. seems to approximate albiplaga, but the black costal stripe is narrowed, beginning from 

 vyrrha. the cell-end; the black border of the hindwing is the broadest at the anal angle. Upper Amazon. — pyrrha 

 Bat. likewise approximates iwla, being above abundantly orange-red, on the hindwing the middle of the distal 

 margin exhibits a leather-coloured spot; the apical third of the forewing is black, but its margin irregular 

 e«pto-?/A-. and- in its lower part deeply indented; Teffe. . — eupteryx i?ai. likewise resembles iiola, but it is more miniate 

 than, orange-red; the black border of the hindwing is broken up into spots in the middle of the border, 

 but it extends at the anal angle yet for some distance up to the inner margin. The latter is also the case in 

 sertata. the ? (= mydia Bat.) which, however, has an ochreous-yellow ground-colour. — In sertata Stick. (135 a) 

 both the white and the red spots of the apex of the forewing appear also above and the hindwing exhibits 

 black marginal wedges also above like in speculum, but without counting these a very narrow border of 

 the hindwing. Western Amazon. — Of this species new modifications of the markings, are probably found 

 at every new habitat; it seems to be distributed over the whole northern part of South America,, but not 

 common. . > 



nepticula. M. nepticula Mschlr. (135 b). Crocus-yellow, in the black apex of the forewing above 3, beneath 2 



siUjmosa. small spots of the ground-colour. Surinam. — stigmosa Stick, from the Amazon and Ecuador has in the 

 apical part also above only 3 small spots being white. 

 margaretta. M. margaretta Wkite (135 a). Similar to an epalia-^, but from the narrow black margin of the wings 



numerous 'black rays run into the wing. Beneath, the spaces between these rays are in specimens lying 

 before me irom Colombia of the ground-colour, in those fiom Venezuela (? = oriens Btlr.) wiiite. In Central 

 SC//I (TOfZio/a. Auiericans the i-ays are above very short. ■ — semiradlata Fldr. (135 a) has a black apical part of the fore- 

 wing, with white rays through it; Colombia and Venezuela, but presumably at other flying-places than the 

 cromoM. preceding. — In eromena Stick. (135 a) the forewings exhibit fewer white marginal raj^s, the hindwings of 

 the cj none at all. We figure 5" from Colombia, $ from Bolivia, and it is doubtful whether both belong 

 together. I am inclined to believe that the figured is quite a different species of butterflies, the ^ of vv^hich 

 sardony.i: resembles the $, but it is not before me. — sardonyx Stick, resembles margaretta, but the black marginal 

 rays are thicker, their intermediate rays whitish, and in the disc of the wings there are some small black 

 dots; Bolivia. Lying before me from Coroico (taken at an altitude of 1200 m), but in specimens ex- 

 hibitmg black dots only in the cell of the forewing, not also in that of the hindwing (like Stichels figure. 

 Gen. Insect., Riodinidae t. 261, fig. 55). — Homochromous to these forms are tiny red night-butterflies, 

 such as Pseudcm. coccinea. . .. , . 



sUatls. M. silaris G. and /S (135 b). Disc of the wings chrome-j^ellow, margin and apical part broadly black 



Icucopus. (in the J somewhat narrower). The legs are yellow. A'icaragua. — leucopus G. and S. from Gcuatemala is 

 icicrias. quite simila,r, but smaller, and the forelegs are white. — icterias Stick., unknown to me, is said to be with 

 respect to the black margining like kyale (134 m). but smaller and the ground-colour yellow instead of red; 

 Venezuela, Peru. 



* A stcondary resemblauc? thereby arises also with certain Aricoris, such as A. heliodora Stgr. 



