706 ECHENAIS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



dots, the second being the largest. In the cell 2 or 3 sometimes indistinct transverse streaks, behind the cell 4 

 black strigiform spots. Hindwing with a v/hite costal area, below it 3 rows of black strigiform spots, each of 

 the two proximal ones with 2, the distal one with 6 or 7 spots, the latter row curved like an S. Colombia. 

 hiciana. L. luciana F. (= ncpia Ww.) (137 e). Copper-brown; costa, apical part of the forewing and distal 



margin of all the wings darker brown; under surface bluish- white with a dark shade in the apical area of the 

 forewing. All the wings above and beneath finely dotted in black. $ has broader wings and is somewhat darker 

 pseudocris- than the ^. Panam.a, Venezuela. — ■■ pseudocrispus Ww. (= crispus Cr.) (137 e) has the apical part of the fore- 

 ''^"^' wing shaded somewhat darker and more distinctly defined towards the copper-red; hardly deserves a deno- 

 mination. Guiana to Bolivia; we figure a specimen from Para, in order to show the slight difference. Not rare 

 concinna. near Bahia. — concinna Stick, from the Rio San Juan in Colombia is said to be distinguished by a broader 

 nepioides. dark border of the hindwing in the ,^(J and quite dark hindwings of the S$. — nepioides Btlr. (= luciana Hbn., 

 melanogyra Bat.) (137 e), may be a distinct species, or may be only a district-form, from South Guiana and 

 the Amazon, has the copper-red more fierjr and the darkened parts of the wings distinctly defined towards 

 this colour. Common. 

 telephus. L. telephus Cr. {= alphaea Hbn., timandra Ww.) (138 f). ^ forewings black with some dispersed 



white vitreous dots, hindwings orange-yellow with a broad black border. Under surface blackish, the hind- 

 wings speckled bluish-grey. The 2 has the vitreous dots and the under surface like the (J, but it is above yellowish- 

 brown, with a dark apical part of the forewing and a black-dotted disc. The species varies with every habitat. 

 The couple figured by me originates from Paramba. Surinam- 2$ are of a much brighter bean-yellow colour 

 and have smaller vitreous dots than the figured one, while the c^'cJ from there have a dar.ker yellow of the hind- 

 wings. There is a very interesting (J with quite black hindwings being only in the centre narrowly red-yellow, 

 but with black spots in the orange part, like in the $, in the Paris Museum. Near St. Jean du Maroni (French 

 Guiana) the ^ exhibits yet a narrow orange band parting the black distal marginal band of the hindwing from 

 the direction of the proximal margin. In Colombian $9^ being above A^ery light ochre-yellow, only the apical 

 part is distinctly defined black; in a $ the patria of which is not stated, in Fassls collection, the distal margin 

 of both wings is also broadly black, the proxinaal half of the wings, however, fox-coloured. As there are often 

 different forms flying near each other, they are not to be regarded as subspecies. — A genus of its own (Sla- 

 ]^hrotis Stick.) has been established for the s}>ecies itself: but the habitus and particularly the under surface 

 exhibit its alliance to the emyliiis-growp of Lemonias. We must remaik 3'et that the abdomen is always yellow, 

 not brown as on the figure. 

 lyncestes. L. lynccstcs Heia. Size and under surface almost exactly like in the preceding, but the upper surface 



quite dark-brown with black dashes, only the border is broadly red-brown, containing a series of white, proxi- 

 mally black dots. Guiana, Brazil; according to Hewitson's figure the black marginal dots exhibit a white 

 exterior which is absent in specimens I captured in South Brazil. Rarer than the preceding species. 

 bolcna. L. bolena Btlr. {= xanthobrunnea Warr.) (138 k). Of a bright j^ellow, the base of the wings, a broad 



apical ])and cf the forew'ing, the apex and anal angle of the hindwing resembling the colom' of the trunk of a 

 tree. Beneath dark-yellow on light-yellow, marked witli dashes like the preceding species. South Brazil and 

 Paraguay. Forms a transition to the genus Eckenais which is not distinctly separable from Lemonias. The 

 shape of the broad apical spot seems to be different at every habitat. In specimens from Sao Paulo it is the 

 narrowest, similarlj^ in Paraguay-specimens, in specimens from Espiritu Santo it is the broadest, in those from 

 Rio Grande do Sul its lower part does not project so arcuateh^ towards the base. Single and not common; 

 flies in day-time and likes to rest on the trunks of trees. 



85. Genus: [Elcheiiais Hbn. 



Most of the species of this genus, the characteristics of whiih are still somewhat obscure and whose 

 species vary in every district, have in the male sex the anal part of the hindwing Avhite which gives a peculiar 

 appearance to the butterfly particularly on the wing, as if it was hurt or wiped off behind. They rest in a Geo- 

 metrid-like attitude on the under surface of leaves, but they come forth at some hom's of the day in order 

 to perform their gambols on the trunks of trees, q and $ then sit on the trunk with their wings half open 

 and execute short, skipping flights by ascending or descending the trunks in curves. Eckenais is as little separable 

 from the preceding genus as from the following, and might better be regarded as a group of the Lemonias; thus 

 it happens that most of the species are sometimes quoted as Eckenais, sometimes as Lemonias. The head is 

 small, the abdomen long, that of the (J very slender and pointed, the forewings behind very broad; the hind- 

 wings rounded. The very long and cPopillary antennae are carried parallel and stretched straightly forward 

 as the Erycinidae are used to do. The upper sirrface of the wings nearly always exhibits the dots and transverse 

 streaks of the Lemonias, but mostly bordered light. Most of the Eckenais, compared with other Erycinid-genera, 

 are common butterflies. 

 iinca. E. tinea Bat. (142 g). The smallest species; by the sj^eckled fringes it reminds us of a &VL\?d\Calydna 



as which it was also described. Dark brownish-grey; the black punctiform streaks of a dull lighter shade. Guiana 

 and East Brazil, to the south as far as Matto Grosso; not rare. 



