﻿(54 
  

  

  DR 
  ANDERSON 
  ON 
  CODEINE, 
  AND 
  

  

  Sulphate 
  of 
  Codeine. 
  — 
  Crystallises 
  in 
  radiated 
  groups 
  of 
  long 
  needles, 
  or 
  by 
  

   spontaneous 
  evaporation 
  in 
  flattened 
  four-sided 
  prisms. 
  It 
  requires 
  for 
  solution 
  

   30 
  times 
  its 
  weight 
  of 
  cold 
  water, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  soluble 
  in 
  the 
  heat. 
  When 
  pure, 
  

   it 
  is 
  neutral 
  to 
  test 
  paper, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  liable 
  to 
  retain 
  a 
  small 
  quantity 
  of 
  acid, 
  

   which 
  can 
  be 
  got 
  rid 
  of 
  by 
  repeated 
  crystallisations. 
  The 
  first 
  analysis 
  was 
  made 
  

   with 
  the 
  salt 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  only 
  once 
  crystallised, 
  and 
  has 
  therefore 
  given 
  an 
  

   excess 
  of 
  sulphuric 
  acid. 
  

  

  Analysis 
  of 
  the 
  salt, 
  dried 
  at 
  212°, 
  gave 
  the 
  following 
  results 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  {5*564 
  grains 
  sulphate 
  of 
  codeine 
  gave 
  

   12-536 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   3-270 
  ... 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  {5-677 
  grains 
  of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  codeine 
  gave 
  

   12-831 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  

   3-324 
  ... 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  T 
  ( 
  9-540 
  grains 
  of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  codeine 
  gave 
  

   \ 
  3-265 
  ... 
  of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  baryta. 
  

  

  T 
  j 
  f 
  10-826 
  grains 
  of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  codeine 
  gave 
  

   \ 
  3-650 
  ... 
  of 
  sulphate 
  of 
  baryta. 
  

  

  Experiment. 
  Calculation. 
  

  

  

  

  I. 
  

  

  II. 
  

  

  

  

  

  Carbon, 
  

  

  

  61-44 
  

  

  61-64 
  

  

  62-07 
  

  

  ^s« 
  

  

  216 
  

  

  Hydrogen 
  

  

  * 
  

  

  6-52 
  

  

  6-50 
  

  

  6-39 
  

  

  H„ 
  

  

  22 
  

  

  Nitrogen, 
  

  

  . 
  

  

  

  

  4-03 
  

  

  N 
  

  

  14 
  

  

  Oxygen, 
  

  

  

  . 
  

  

  • 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  16-03 
  

  

  °7 
  

  

  48 
  

  

  Sulphuric 
  

  

  Acid, 
  

  

  11-75 
  

  

  11-54 
  

  

  11-49 
  

  

  so 
  3 
  

  

  40 
  

  

  100-00 
  

  

  348 
  

  

  27-13 
  grains 
  of 
  the 
  crystallised 
  salt 
  lost, 
  at 
  212°, 
  3*068 
  grains 
  of 
  water= 
  1130 
  

   per 
  cent. 
  This 
  corresponds 
  to 
  5 
  equivalents 
  of 
  water, 
  the 
  calculated 
  result 
  for 
  

   which 
  is 
  11-45. 
  

  

  The 
  formula 
  of 
  the 
  crystallised 
  salt 
  is 
  therefore 
  

  

  C 
  3G 
  H 
  21 
  N0 
  6 
  HO 
  S0 
  3 
  + 
  5 
  HO. 
  

  

  Nitrate 
  of 
  Codeine. 
  — 
  Is 
  obtained 
  by 
  slowly 
  adding 
  nitric 
  acid, 
  of 
  specific 
  gra- 
  

   vity 
  1-060, 
  to 
  powdered 
  codeine, 
  an 
  excess 
  of 
  nitric 
  acid 
  being 
  carefully 
  avoided, 
  

   as 
  the 
  base 
  is 
  rapidly 
  decomposed 
  by 
  it 
  with 
  the 
  formation 
  of 
  a 
  product 
  of 
  sub- 
  

   stitution 
  to 
  be 
  afterwards 
  described. 
  The 
  nitrate 
  is 
  readily 
  soluble 
  in 
  boiling 
  

   water, 
  and 
  is 
  deposited 
  on 
  cooling 
  in 
  small 
  prismatic 
  crystals. 
  Heated 
  on 
  plati- 
  

   num, 
  it 
  melts, 
  and 
  on 
  cooling, 
  concretes 
  into 
  a 
  brown 
  resinous 
  mass 
  ; 
  at 
  a 
  higher 
  

   temperature 
  it 
  is 
  rapidly 
  decomposed, 
  leaving 
  a 
  bulky 
  coal, 
  difficult 
  of 
  incineration. 
  

  

  {6-360 
  grains 
  of 
  nitrate 
  of 
  codeine, 
  dried 
  at 
  212°, 
  gave 
  

   13-854 
  ••• 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  

   3-746 
  ••• 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  These 
  results 
  correspond 
  with 
  the 
  formula 
  C 
  3G 
  H 
  21 
  N0 
  6 
  HO 
  NO 
  ; 
  

  

  