﻿68 
  DR 
  ANDERSON 
  ON 
  CODEINE, 
  AND 
  

  

  These 
  analyses 
  correspond 
  with 
  the 
  formula 
  

  

  C 
  36 
  H 
  21 
  NO 
  G 
  HC1 
  + 
  Pt 
  Cl 
  2 
  + 
  HO. 
  

  

  of 
  which 
  the 
  following 
  is 
  the 
  calculated 
  result 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  mean 
  of 
  expe- 
  

   riment 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  

  Mean. 
  

   41-91 
  

  

  

  Calculation. 
  

  

  

  Carbon, 
  

  

  42-07 
  

  

  ^36 
  

  

  216- 
  

  

  Hydrogen, 
  

  

  4-76 
  

  

  4-47 
  

  

  H, 
  3 
  

  

  23- 
  

  

  Nitrogen, 
  

  

  

  2-72 
  

  

  N 
  

  

  14- 
  

  

  Oxygen, 
  

  

  

  10-94 
  

  

  Or 
  

  

  56- 
  

  

  Chlorine, 
  

  

  

  20-61 
  

  

  C1 
  3 
  

  

  106-5 
  

  

  Platinum, 
  

  

  1925 
  

  

  1919 
  

  

  Pt 
  

  

  98-7 
  

  

  100-00 
  514-2 
  

  

  The 
  air-dried 
  salt 
  gave 
  the 
  following 
  results, 
  when 
  dried 
  at 
  212° 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  14-845 
  grains 
  lost 
  0-770 
  grains 
  of 
  water, 
  =5-11 
  per 
  cent. 
  

   14-546 
  ... 
  0-758 
  ... 
  =5-20 
  ... 
  

  

  This 
  corresponds 
  to 
  three 
  equivalents 
  of 
  water, 
  the 
  calculated 
  result 
  for 
  which 
  

   gives 
  4*99 
  per 
  cent. 
  The 
  crystallised 
  salt 
  is 
  therefore 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  formula 
  

  

  C 
  3G 
  H 
  2l 
  N0 
  6 
  HC1 
  + 
  Pt 
  CI, 
  + 
  4 
  HO. 
  

   Codeine 
  forms 
  many 
  other 
  crystallisable 
  salts, 
  none 
  of 
  which, 
  however, 
  have 
  

   been 
  examined. 
  The 
  chromate 
  is 
  easily 
  obtained 
  in 
  fine 
  yellow 
  needles. 
  With 
  

   solution 
  of 
  bichloride 
  of 
  mercury, 
  codeine 
  gives 
  a 
  white 
  precipitate, 
  soluble 
  in 
  

   boiling 
  water 
  and 
  alcohol, 
  and 
  deposited 
  on 
  cooling 
  in 
  stellated 
  groups 
  of 
  crystals. 
  

   With 
  chloride 
  of 
  palladium 
  a 
  yellow 
  precipitate 
  is 
  obtained, 
  which 
  is 
  decomposed 
  

   by 
  boiling, 
  with 
  separation 
  of 
  metallic 
  palladium. 
  Tartrate 
  and 
  hydrocyanate 
  of 
  

   codeine 
  are 
  uncrystallisable. 
  

  

  Products 
  of 
  Decomposition 
  of 
  Codeine. 
  

  

  III. 
  Action 
  of 
  Sulphuric 
  Acid. 
  

  

  Amorphous 
  Codeine. 
  — 
  When 
  codeine 
  is 
  dissolved 
  in 
  an 
  excess 
  of 
  moderately- 
  

   concentrated 
  sulphuric 
  acid, 
  and 
  the 
  mixture 
  digested 
  on 
  the 
  sand-bath, 
  the 
  fluid 
  

   gradually 
  acquires 
  a 
  dark 
  colour, 
  and 
  after 
  some 
  time 
  gives 
  a 
  precipitate 
  with 
  

   carbonate 
  of 
  soda, 
  which 
  the 
  salts 
  of 
  codeine 
  are 
  incapable 
  of 
  doing. 
  The 
  preci- 
  

   pitate 
  so 
  obtained 
  is 
  codeine 
  in 
  a 
  modified 
  or 
  amorphous 
  condition, 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  

   in 
  which 
  quinine 
  is 
  obtained 
  by 
  a 
  similar 
  treatment 
  with 
  excess 
  of 
  acid. 
  By 
  

   carefully 
  regulating 
  the 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  mixture 
  of 
  codeine 
  and 
  sulphuric 
  acid, 
  

   the 
  amorphous 
  codeine 
  may 
  be 
  obtained 
  in 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  purity 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  neither 
  so 
  

   definite 
  nor 
  so 
  stable 
  a 
  substance 
  as 
  quinoidine. 
  After 
  the 
  action 
  has 
  been 
  pro- 
  

   longed 
  for 
  some 
  time, 
  carbonate 
  of 
  soda 
  is 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  fluid, 
  and 
  the 
  gray 
  preci- 
  

   pitate 
  obtained, 
  collected 
  on 
  a 
  filter, 
  washed 
  with 
  water, 
  dissolved 
  in 
  alcohol, 
  and 
  

   precipitated 
  from 
  the 
  solution 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  water. 
  As 
  thus 
  obtained, 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  gray 
  

   powder, 
  with 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  green 
  shade, 
  insoluble 
  in 
  water, 
  readily 
  soluble 
  in 
  

  

  