﻿DESTRUCTIVE 
  DISTILLATION 
  OF 
  ANIMAL 
  SUBSTANCES. 
  255 
  

  

  when 
  dropped 
  into 
  a 
  small 
  quantity 
  of 
  that 
  fluid 
  it 
  floats 
  on 
  the 
  surface, 
  and 
  is 
  only 
  

   slowly 
  dissolved 
  on 
  agitation. 
  It 
  possesses 
  the 
  remarkable 
  property 
  of 
  immediately 
  

   separating 
  from 
  its 
  solution 
  on 
  the 
  application 
  of 
  a 
  gentle 
  heat, 
  and 
  collecting 
  on 
  

   the 
  surface 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  an 
  oily 
  layer 
  which 
  dissolves 
  again 
  as 
  the 
  temperature 
  

   falls. 
  Its 
  smell 
  is 
  less 
  pungent 
  and 
  more 
  aromatic 
  than 
  that 
  of 
  picoline, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  

   also 
  more 
  oily 
  in 
  its 
  characters. 
  It 
  unites 
  with 
  the 
  acids 
  and 
  forms 
  salts, 
  all 
  of 
  

   which 
  are 
  highly 
  soluble. 
  

  

  Analyses 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  different 
  portions 
  of 
  oil 
  boiling 
  about 
  the 
  tempera- 
  

   ture 
  of 
  310°, 
  with 
  the 
  following 
  results 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  {3-840 
  grains 
  of 
  the 
  base, 
  boiling 
  between 
  310° 
  and 
  315°, 
  gave 
  

   1 
  1 
  • 
  07 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   3-060 
  ... 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  {4*012 
  grains 
  of 
  the 
  base, 
  boiling 
  between 
  315° 
  and 
  320°, 
  gave 
  

   11-516 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   3-160 
  ... 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  {4-319 
  grains 
  of 
  the 
  base, 
  boiling 
  between 
  316° 
  and 
  320°, 
  gave 
  

   12-430 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   3-576 
  ... 
  of 
  water. 
  

  

  {4-430 
  grains 
  of 
  the 
  base, 
  boiling 
  between 
  320° 
  and 
  324°, 
  gave 
  

   12-812 
  ... 
  of 
  carbonic 
  acid, 
  and 
  

   3-405 
  ... 
  water. 
  

  

  

  I. 
  

  

  II. 
  

  

  III. 
  

  

  IV. 
  

  

  Carbon, 
  

  

  78-17 
  

  

  78-28 
  

  

  78-48 
  

  

  78-87 
  

  

  Hydrogen, 
  

  

  8-85 
  

  

  8-75 
  

  

  9-10 
  

  

  8-54 
  

  

  Nitrogen, 
  

  

  12-98 
  

  

  12-97 
  

  

  12-42 
  

  

  12-59 
  

  

  100-00 
  100-00 
  100-00 
  100-00 
  

  

  These 
  results 
  agree 
  very 
  closely 
  with 
  the 
  formula 
  C 
  14 
  H 
  9 
  N, 
  as 
  is 
  shewn 
  by 
  the 
  

   following 
  comparison 
  of 
  the 
  mean 
  experimental 
  and 
  calculated 
  numbers. 
  

  

  Mean. 
  Calculation. 
  

  

  Carbon, 
  . 
  . 
  78-45 
  78-50 
  C 
  14 
  84 
  

  

  Hydrogen, 
  . 
  . 
  8-81 
  8-41 
  H 
  9 
  9 
  

  

  Nitrogen, 
  . 
  . 
  12-54 
  13-09 
  N 
  14 
  

  

  100-00 
  100-00 
  107 
  

  

  Notwithstanding 
  the 
  close 
  correspondence 
  of 
  these 
  results, 
  however, 
  further 
  

   experiment 
  shewed 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  fractions, 
  especially 
  those 
  of 
  lower 
  boiling 
  

   points, 
  contained 
  appreciable 
  quantities 
  of 
  picoline, 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  which 
  was 
  

   established 
  by 
  the 
  analysis 
  of 
  the 
  platinum 
  salts. 
  When, 
  for 
  instance, 
  a 
  portion 
  

   of 
  any 
  of 
  these 
  fractions 
  was 
  saturated 
  with 
  dilute 
  hydrochloric 
  acid 
  and 
  bichloride 
  

   of 
  platinum 
  added, 
  fine 
  prismatic 
  crystals 
  were 
  slowly 
  deposited, 
  which, 
  as 
  the 
  

   result 
  of 
  numerous 
  experiments, 
  were 
  found 
  to 
  contain 
  about 
  32*8 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  

   platinum, 
  which 
  is 
  exactly 
  the 
  quantity 
  present 
  in 
  the 
  picoline 
  salt, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  

   theoretical 
  per-centage 
  is 
  32-92. 
  On 
  evaporation 
  of 
  the 
  mother 
  liquor, 
  crystals 
  

   were 
  deposited 
  which 
  gave 
  quantities 
  of 
  platinum 
  varying 
  from 
  32o 
  to 
  32-0 
  per 
  

   vol. 
  xx. 
  PART 
  II. 
  3 
  z 
  

  

  