﻿DR 
  DAVY'S 
  OBSERVATIONS 
  ON 
  THE 
  CHARR. 
  327 
  

  

  silvery 
  integument. 
  The 
  back 
  and 
  sides, 
  of 
  a 
  light 
  greenish-brown, 
  were 
  marked 
  

   by 
  two 
  rows 
  of 
  spots 
  of 
  a 
  dark 
  hue, 
  almost 
  black, 
  the 
  inferior 
  the 
  largest, 
  remind- 
  

   ing 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  bars 
  of 
  the 
  parr 
  and 
  the 
  marking 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  trout. 
  Measured, 
  

   its 
  length 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  one 
  inch 
  ; 
  its 
  width 
  or 
  depth, 
  where 
  greatest, 
  about 
  

   •16 
  of 
  an 
  inch. 
  It 
  was 
  very 
  active, 
  and 
  disposed 
  to 
  feed, 
  darting 
  often 
  with 
  avi- 
  

   dity 
  at 
  any 
  minute 
  body 
  thrown 
  into 
  the 
  water, 
  but 
  only 
  whilst 
  in 
  motion 
  ; 
  and 
  

   often 
  after 
  taking 
  it 
  into 
  its 
  mouth, 
  casting 
  it 
  out. 
  Fed 
  daily, 
  chiefly 
  with 
  finely- 
  

   grated 
  dried 
  beef, 
  it 
  was 
  kept 
  alive 
  till 
  the 
  21st 
  of 
  June, 
  when 
  it 
  was 
  increased 
  

   in 
  length 
  only 
  to 
  T06 
  inch, 
  so 
  inconsiderable 
  had 
  been 
  its 
  growth. 
  The 
  water 
  in 
  

   which 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  kept, 
  and 
  which 
  was 
  changed 
  daily, 
  was 
  about 
  the 
  temperature 
  

   50°, 
  sometimes 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  degrees 
  higher, 
  seldom 
  lower. 
  The 
  young 
  fish 
  was 
  fre- 
  

   quently 
  to 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  a 
  restless 
  state, 
  as 
  if 
  seeking 
  to 
  escape. 
  Those 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   brood, 
  left 
  in 
  the 
  breeding 
  boxes, 
  effected 
  their 
  escape 
  about 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  April, 
  

   when, 
  in 
  consequence 
  of 
  a 
  flood, 
  the 
  water 
  overflowed. 
  They 
  were 
  then 
  from 
  

   1*25 
  to 
  1*5 
  inch 
  in 
  length. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  cartilaginous 
  fishes, 
  the 
  yolk 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  cavity 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen 
  

   long 
  after 
  it 
  has 
  disappeared 
  externally. 
  In 
  the 
  torpedo 
  I 
  have 
  detected 
  it 
  there 
  

   as 
  late 
  as 
  the 
  fifth 
  month 
  from 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  hatching.* 
  That 
  the 
  same 
  happens 
  

   in 
  the 
  young 
  charr, 
  I 
  cannot 
  entertain 
  a 
  doubt. 
  In 
  one 
  instance, 
  — 
  that 
  of 
  a 
  fish 
  

   hatched 
  six 
  weeks, 
  kept 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  time 
  in 
  the 
  breeding-box, 
  and 
  which 
  

   was 
  nearly 
  perfect 
  in 
  its 
  form, 
  — 
  though 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  the 
  vesicle 
  remained 
  exter- 
  

   nally, 
  it 
  was 
  visible 
  within, 
  seen 
  through 
  the 
  transparent 
  parietes 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen, 
  

   distinguishable 
  both 
  by 
  its 
  form 
  and 
  under 
  the 
  microscope 
  by 
  the 
  oil 
  globules 
  

   belonging 
  to 
  it. 
  

  

  3. 
  Of 
  some 
  Agencies 
  and 
  Circumstances 
  supposed 
  likely 
  to 
  influence 
  the 
  Ova 
  and 
  Young 
  Fish. 
  

  

  These, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  tested 
  them 
  by 
  experiment, 
  I 
  shall 
  briefly 
  notice. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  best 
  information 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  obtain, 
  the 
  charr 
  in 
  the 
  Lake 
  

   District, 
  with 
  few 
  exceptions, 
  chooses 
  for 
  its 
  breeding-place 
  stony 
  and 
  gravelly 
  

   shallows 
  in 
  the 
  lakes 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  found, 
  and 
  never, 
  after 
  the 
  manner 
  of 
  the 
  

   trout, 
  ascends 
  the 
  small 
  streams 
  towards 
  their 
  source 
  to 
  deposit 
  its 
  spawn. 
  The 
  

   exceptions 
  alluded 
  to, 
  which 
  have 
  come 
  to 
  my 
  knowledge, 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  instances 
  of 
  

   the 
  charr 
  of 
  Windermere 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  Ennerdale. 
  The 
  former, 
  it 
  is 
  known, 
  not 
  

   only 
  breeds 
  in 
  the 
  lake, 
  but 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  river 
  Brathay 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  deserves 
  to 
  be 
  kept 
  

   in 
  mind, 
  that 
  that 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  which 
  it 
  selects 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  has 
  a 
  good 
  

   deal 
  the 
  character 
  of 
  a 
  lake, 
  the 
  water 
  there 
  being 
  expanded, 
  forming 
  a 
  small 
  

   lake 
  or 
  pool, 
  where, 
  in 
  parts 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  actual 
  current, 
  it 
  is 
  little 
  more 
  disturbed 
  

   by 
  the 
  wind 
  than 
  the 
  shallows 
  of 
  Windermere 
  itself. 
  The 
  charr 
  of 
  the 
  lake 
  

   of 
  Ennerdale 
  — 
  the 
  other 
  exception 
  — 
  I 
  am 
  assured 
  on 
  good 
  authority, 
  that 
  of 
  Dr 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  Researches, 
  Physiological 
  and 
  Anatomical, 
  vol. 
  i., 
  p. 
  73. 
  

  

  