88 



Day: Ephemeroptera 



Key to the California Species 



Male Adults 



1. Genitalia of the longimanus type (fig. 3:96); fore claws 

 dissimilar; widespread longimanus (Eaton) 1881 



— Genitalia of the albertae type (fig. 3:9c); fore claws of 

 male similar, blunt 2 



2. Apical margin of forceps base somewhat excavated 

 laterally or slightly convex 3 



— Apical margin of forceps base somewhat produced ... 4 



3. Fore femur and tibia subequal; median spines on penes 

 rather stout, relatively short; forceps base excavated 

 laterally (fig. 3:9c); central California coastal 



albertae McDunnough 1924 



— Fore femur shorter than tibia; median spines on penes 

 longer and more slender; apical margin forceps base 

 convex; Marin County lagunitas Traver 1935 



4. Venation brown, all cross veins distinct (fig. 3:9d); San 

 Gabriel Mountains sancta-gabriel Traver 1935 



— Venation pale, cross veins mostly indistinct (fig. 3:9e); 

 east slope Sierra Nevada. . . dulciana McDunnough 1935 



Known Nymphs 



1. Outer posterolateral spines on middle abdominal seg- 

 ments long and slender, about 1/2 the length of segment 

 on which found albertae McDunnough 1924 



— Outer posterolateral spines on middle abdominal seg- 

 ments short and blunt, about 1/4 the length of segment 

 on which found 2 



2. First pair of lamellate gills meet beneath the body 



longimanus (Eaton) 1881 



— First pair of lamellate gills definitely not meeting be- 

 neath the body sancta-gabriel Traver 1935 



Genus lronodes Traver 



Found at higher elevations in the southern California 

 mountains, this genus has also been taken in northern 

 California in the Coast Range and the Cascades at 

 elevations less than 5,000 feet. The nymphs are 

 ordinarily found in small tributary streams of moder- 

 ately fast current clinging to rocks and wood close 

 to the surface. 



area of fore wing tinted brown (fig. 3:8d); White Mts. 

 and Plumas County lepidus Traver 1935 



— Larger species, 12-14 mm. in length; abdominal seg- 

 ments yellowish brown; wing membrane faintly tinted 

 brown, at least on costal margin 2 



2. Mesonotum reddish brown; second joint of forceps 



strongly bowed (fig. 3:8e); San Gabriel Mts 



calif ornicus (Banks) 19 10 



— Mesonotum yellow brown; second joint of forceps less 

 strongly bowed (fig. 3:8/); widespread 



nitidus (Eaton) 1883 



Note: I. geminatus (Eaton) 1885 is known from female 

 adult only; 8-9 1/2 mm. in length; yellow tinted win^s; 

 tergites yellowish. 



Nymphs 



1. Small species, 9-10 mm. in length. . lepidus Traver 1935 



— Larger species, 12-15 mm. in length 2 



2. Tracheae of gills distinct; no distinct dark lateral 

 streaks on abdominal sternites 



calif ornicus (Banks) 19 10 



— Tracheae of gills indistinct; distinct dark lateral 

 streaks on basal and middle sternites 



nitidus (Eaton) 1885 



Genus Ironopsis Traver 



The single California species reported is /. grandis 

 (McDunnough) 1924. 



Male. — The male is 13-16 mm. in length; mesonotum light 

 brown; fore leg blackish brown, paler at base of femur, with 

 other legs light olive to red brown; mesonotum light red 

 brown; small spines on ventral surface of penes few in 

 number (fig. 3:56). 



Nymph. — In addition to characters given in keys to the 

 Heptageniidae herein, the nymph has a fringe of long hairs 

 on the femur, tibia, and tarsus, and three lateral pectina- 

 tions near apex of each claw; gills on seventh segment 

 meet beneath the body. 



Distribution. — -Found in California in the Sierra Nevada, 

 above 6,000 feet elevation. 



Key to the California Species 

 Male Adults 



Family BAETIDAE 



Key to the Subfamilies 



Adults 



1. Small spscies, 8-9 1/2 mm. in length; abdominal seg- 

 ments yellowish brown except for narrow pale anterior 1. The concave veins lie beneath the convex veins, and 

 margin; small subapical spines on penes; stigmatic intercalates are mostly absent, so that there appear 



Fig. 3:10. Wings, o, Caen/s sp., fore wing only; b, Baetis sp.; 

 c. Pora/eptoph/ebia sp. (adapted from Spieth, 1933). 



