Fig. 13:42. Hydroscaphidae. a-d, Hydroscapha natans, larva; 

 3, lateral; b, dorsal; c, detail of prothoracic filament; d, ventral 

 'iew of tip of abdomen; e, Hydroscapha granulum (European sp.), 

 intenna of adult (a-d, Bbving, 1914; e ( D'Orchymont, 1945). 



lumerous in algae in a hot spring about five miles 

 lorth of Beatty, where the temperature was 40 q C.' 

 Schwarz (1914) reported H. natans from water of 

 tbout 45°C. at Castle Hot Springs, Yavapai County, 

 Arizona. 



The egg is large in proportion to the female's ab- 

 lomen, and only one is developed at a time. It is 

 aid on the algae. The larva has mouth parts suitable 

 or feeding on algae. It is strictly aquatic, yet has 

 sxceedingly small spiracles; respiration is presum- 

 ibly by means of the three pairs of curious filaments 

 fig. 13:42<z-c), the apical section of which is in 

 sach case filled by an enlargement of the trachea. 10 

 Phe tip of the abdomen is formed into an adhesive 

 iucker ventrally (fig. 13:42d). Adults carry a supply 

 if air under the elytra. 



'This is the "Hot Springs Station, Nevada" of Brues (1928:144). 

 Tie property has changed hands in recent years, and has been 

 :nown as Burrell Hot Spring, Hicks Hot Springs, and (1953) 

 Lmargosa Hot Springs. 



For a discussion on the action of tracheal gills in some other 

 arvae, see the family Helodidae. 



347 

 Leech and Chandler: Coleoptera 



The single Nearctic species has been recorded 

 from the southern parts of California, Nevada, and 

 Arizona. 



Genus Hydroscapha LoConte 1874 



Length (head, prothorax, and elytra) about 1 mm., facie a 

 of a tiny reddish-brown tachyporine Staphylinidae; olytral 

 apices truncate, with fringe hairs of folded wings project- 

 ing out behind them; abdonen conical, 4 or 5 segments 

 visible behind the short elytra; antennae 8-segmented 

 (fig. 13:42^), hind coxae separated by a width equal to 

 1 of them; Los Angeles, San Bernardino, San Luis Obispo, 

 and Lake counties natans LeConte 1874 



REFERENCES 



BOVING, A. G. 



1914. Notes on the larvae of Hydroscapha and some 

 other aquatic larvae from Arizona. Proc. Ent. Soc. 

 Wash., 16:169-174, 2 text figs., pis. xvii-xviii. 

 BRUES, C. T. 



1928. Studies on the fauna of hot springs in the western 

 United States and the biology of thermophilous animals. 

 Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., 63:139-228, 7 text figs, 

 pis. i-vi. 

 CROWSON, R. A. 



1950a. The classification of the families of British 

 Coleoptera. Superfamily 3 : Staphylinoidea. Ent. Mon. 

 Mag., 86:274-288, text figs. 23-43. 

 19506. The classification of the families of British 

 Coleoptera (concluded). Ent. Mon. Mag., 90:57-63, 

 1 text fig. 

 LA RTVERS, IRA 



1950. The staphylinoid and dascilloid aquatic Coleoptera 

 of the Nevada area. Great Basin Naturalist, 10(1-4): 

 66-70. (Alscan erratum page, loc. cit., 11:52.) 

 D'ORCHYMONT, A. 



1945. Notes sur le genre Hydroscapha LeConte (Cole- 

 optera Polyphaga Staphyliniformia). Bull. Mus. Roy. 

 Hist. Nat. Belg., 21:1-16, 8 text figs. 

 SCHWARZ, E. A. 



1914. Aquatic beetles, especially Hydroscapha, in hot 

 springs, in Arizona. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 16:163-168. 



Family STAPHYLINIDAE 



Rove Beetles 



This is a family of some 20,000 described species 

 (world), many kinds of which live in grass and debris 

 along the margins of fresh water, or actually burrow 

 in the wet sand and mud. 



Adults (fig. 13:43a, b), larvae (fig. 13:43c,d), a n d 

 pupae of a few kinds, all belonging to the subfamily 

 Aleocharinae, occur in cracks in rocks below high 

 tide mark. Some of them prowl about at the bottom of 

 tide pools, as much at ease as are the shrimps. 

 They carry a film of air entangled in the hairs of the 

 body, but according to Saunders (1928) cannot stay 

 under water for more than three or four hours. The 

 species of Emplenota are winged; the others are 

 wingless or have nonfunctional wings. 



All the intertidal species are small, some tiny, and 

 to study them it is essential that they be properly 

 prepared and mounted on slides. Allen (1953) has 

 recorded the English Trogophloeus arcuatus Stephens 

 as occurring beneath the surface of fresh water. 



