432 



Wirth and Stone: Diptera 



— Smaller species (1.5 mm. or less); hairs not prominent; 

 mesonotum with different pattern 12 



12. Scutellum brown in middle; mesonotal pruinescence 

 broken into spots and patches; abdomen uniformly 

 black; halteres with knobs black below; Lake, San 

 Benito, and Riverside counties . . . .pritchardi Wirth 1952 



— Scutellum usually entirely yellow; mesonotum with 

 velvet-black and silvery pruinose vittae; abdomen 

 yellow below; halteres with knobs entirely white; wide- 

 spread in California mutabilis (Coquillett) 1901 



13. Halteres with knob dark except flat end yellowish; 

 northern and central California 



johannseni (Malloch) 1915 



— Halteres with knob entirely whitish (separable only by 

 male genitalia) central and southern California 



, thomsenae Wirth 1952 



Modoc, Mono, and Tulare counties . bifurcata Wirth 1952 

 Santa Clara, Santa Barbara, and San Luis Obispo 

 counties sanctaemariae Wirth 1952 



Male Genitalia 



1. Parameres symmetrical (fig. 14:38/) 2 



— Parameres asymmetrical 7 



2. Hyaline envelope over ventral face of aedeagus; apico- 

 lateral processes of 9th tergite short (fig. 14:38/) 

 3 



— No hyaline envelope over ventral side of aedeagus; 

 apicolateral processes more than twice as long as 

 broad johannseni (Malloch) 



3. Hyaline envelope not covering distal half of posterior 

 apodemes of aedeagus; these long, with obliquely 

 truncated, pointed apices pollinosa Wirth 



— Hyaline envelope completely covering aedeagus, includ- 

 ing posterior apodemes; these with rounded apices 

 4 



4. Hyaline envelope over aedeagus about 1/2 again as 

 long as broad; apicolateral processes with slender tips 

 (fig. 14:38/) cincta (Coquillett) 



— Hyaline envelope nearly as broad as long; apicolateral 

 processes with short rounded lobes 5 



5. Posterior margin of hyaline envelope with irregular 

 serrations pallens Wirth 



— Posterior margin of hyaline envelope smoothly rounded 

 6 



6. Dististyles short and stout, about 3/4 as long as basi- 

 styles; anterior arch of aedeagus 3/4 of distance to 

 posterior margin brookmani Wirth 



— Dististyles long and slender, nearly as long as basi- 

 styles; anterior arch of aedeagus about 1/2 of distance 

 to posterior margin tenebrosa (Coquillett) 



7. Dististyles cleft nearly to base in 3 unequal teeth; 

 apicolateral processes a pair of large, stout, triangular 

 lobes with closely approximated bases . . . tristyla Wirth 



— Dististyles simple; apicolateral processes small and 

 widely separated 8 



8. Aedeagus much broader than long, with 2 lateral pairs 

 of posterior lobes or apodemes 9 



— Aedeagus about as long as broad, with a pair of slender, 

 submedian apodemes and often a median posterior lobe 



10 



9. Apicolateral processes long and slender; posterior 

 sclerite of parameres short, broad, with blunt apex 



atrata Wirth 



— Apicolateral processes broader than long; posterior 

 sclerite of parameres long, abruptly bent ventrad past 

 tip of aedeagus, with slender recurved, pointed tip 1/2 

 as long as basal part pritchardi Wirth 



10. Inner margin of basistyles with prominent, curved, 

 sclerotized hook; dististyles stout with rounded tips; 

 posterior sclerite of parameres stout, sinuate, 1/2 again 



as long as basistyles, with slender tip 



grisea (Coquillett) 



— Inner margin of basistyles smooth or with low triangular 

 prominence; dististyles with pointed tips 11 



11. Ninth sternite produced mesally on posterior margin 

 past level of basal 1/2 of aedeagus 12 



— Ninth sternite not produced mesally past anterior arch 

 of aedeagus 14 



12. Posterior extension of 9th sternite less than 1/3 of 

 width of aedeagus in narrowest part 13 



— Posterior extension of 9th sternite broadly rounded, 

 filling space between base of basistyles; apicolateral 

 processes long, with constricted bases 



sanctaemariae Wirth 



13. Ninth sternite with fine mesal point at level of basal 

 bridge of aedeagus, articulating with a heavy mesal 

 sclerite of aedeagus thomsenae Wirth 



— Ninth sternite with Y-shaped posterior bifurcation 

 extending past tip of aedeagal apodemes, with arms 

 twice as broad as narrowest part; aedeagus without 

 mesal sclerite bifurcata Wirth 



14. Posterior sclerite of parameres very stout, distal 1/3 

 abruptly recurved ventrolaterad f estiva Wirth 



— Posterior sclerite of parameres slender and nearly 

 straight 15 



15. Apicolateral processes long and slender; aedeagus 

 with rounded ventroposterior lobe, mesal sclerite absent 



ancora (Coquillett) 



— Apicolateral processes as broad as long; aedeagus with 

 slender mesal sclerite as long as submedian apodemes 



mutabilis (Coquillett) 



Pupae 



Respiratory organs very long, much flattened and 

 twisted, entirely made up of very narrow annuli, each 

 annulus with a pair of minute spiracles on lateral 

 margins (fig. 14:39p) (longipalpus group) 



sp. 1, Wirth 1952 



Respiratory organs clavate or wedge-shaped, not 

 greatly flattened, annuli if present are broader and not 



extending more than 3/4 way to apices 2 



Respiratory organs wedge-shaped, with sharp-pointed 

 apices (fig. 14:39?); apicolateral processes of abdomen 

 very long and pointed, not divergent (fig. 14:390- • • • 



pollinosa Wirth 



Respiratory organs clavate, the apices broadly rounded; 

 apicolateral processes bluntly pointed and divergent 



3 



Respiratory organs about 4 times as long as broad, not 

 annulate but ventral sides granulose, spiracles in a 



double row grisea (Coquillett) 



Respiratory organs about 8 times as long as broad, 

 broad proximal parts annulate, spiracles in a single row 



4 



About 7 widely spaced spiracles on annulate part of 

 respiratory organ (fig. 14:39o) . . . . mutabilis (Coquillett) 

 About 14 scattered spiracles on annulate part of respir- 

 atory organ (fig. 14:39n) johannseni (Malloch) 



Subfamily HELEINAE 



Tribe CULICOIDINI 



Genus Culicoides Latreille 



(Figs. 14:36; 14:38a-c; 14:39w-ee) 



The California species of this genus which have a 

 bad reputation as biters are obsoletus (Meigen) of the 

 northern mountains, tristriatulus Hoffman of the north- 

 ern California coasts ranging to Alaska, and reevesi 

 Wirth of the hilly parts of the southern San Joaquin 

 Valley. Other species have been reported elsewhere, 



