segments of mid-tarsus; 6th segment of abdomen not 



densely setose; Siskiyou County 



monogramma Melander 1927 



Genus Roederiodes Coquillett 



Needham and Betten (1901) described the immature 

 stages of R. juncta Coquillett which were taken in 

 a creek rapids in the Adirondacks. The larvae bears 

 a remarkable resemblance to that of the rhagionid 

 Atherix with two pairs of setigerous processes at 

 the tip of the abdomen and with well developed ventral 

 prolegs. 



Genus Clinocera Meigen 



Bischoff (1924) recorded finding larvae of Clinocera 

 in swift streams among moss and described the larva. 

 Nielsen, et al. (1954) described the immature stages 

 of Clinocera stagnalis Haliday (fig. 14:51c,d) from 

 running water and small ponds in Iceland. 



Key to Adults of the California Species of Clinocera 



459 

 Wirth and Stone: Diptera 



NEEDHAM, J. G., and C. BETTEN 



1901. See Diptera references. 

 NIELSEN, P., O. RINGDAHL, and S. L. TUXEN 



1954. The Zoology of Iceland. Vol. Ill, part 48a, Diptera 

 1:1-189. 

 VAILLANT, F. 



1951. Un empidide destructeur de simulies. Bull Soc. 



Zool. Fr., 76:371-379. 

 1953. Hemerodromia Seguyi, nouvel empidide d'algerie 

 destructeur de simulies . Hydrobiologia, 5:180-188. 



Family PHORIDAE 



The "hump-backed flies" of the family Phoridae have 

 a few aquatic members although no North American 

 species are known to be strictly aquatic. Most phorids 

 live in decaying animal or vegetable matter, in fleshy 

 fungi, or as parasites or predators on a number of 

 insects or other invertebrates. The larvae of Diplo- 

 neura cornuta (Bigot) have been reported (as Dohrni- 

 phora venusta Coquillett) from pitchers of Sarracenia 

 flava by Jones (1918) who described and figured all 

 stages (fig. 14:52a-c). More strictly aquatic phorids 

 have been reported by Schmitz from pitchers of Nepen- 

 thes in the Dutch East Indies. 



1. Discal cell longer than the 2nd posterior; thorax not REFERENCES 



vittate; stigma faint; Santa Clara County 



brunnipennis Melander 1927 JONES, F. M. 



— Discal cell equal to or shorter than the 2nd posterior; 1918. Dohrniphora venusta Coquillett (Dipt.) in Sarra- 



thorax bivittate; stigma more or less evident; Mono cenia flava. Ent. News, 29:299-302, 1 pi. 



County prasinata Melander 1927 



Genus Wiedemannia Zetterstedt 



Johannsen (1935) has described the pupa of W. (Philo- 

 lutra) simplex (Loew) from a stream in Yellowstone 

 National Park. Evidently the long abdominal filaments 

 of the pupae of Hemerodromiinae are absent in this 

 genus and in Roederiodes. Vaillant (1951) described 

 and excellently illustrated all stages of W. (Roede- 

 rella) oucdorum Vaillant (fig. 14:50a-/) which prey on 

 larvae of Simulium in Algeria. Wirth (unpublished) has 

 observed adults of this genus dragging simuliid larvae 

 from the water's edge in swift streams of the Sierra 

 Nevada in California. There are several undescribed 

 species from California in the United States National 

 Museum collection. 



REFERENCES 



BISCHOFF, W. 



1924. See Diptera references. 

 BROCHER, F. 



1909-1911. Metamorphoses de V Hemerodromia praecatoria 

 Fall. Ann. Biol. Lacustre, 4:44-45. 

 JOHANNSEN, O. A. 



1935. See Diptera references. 

 MELANDER, A. L. 



1927. Family Empididae. Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 185, 



434 pp., 8 pis. 

 1947. Synopsis of the Hemerodromiinae (Diptera, Empi- 

 didae). Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc, 55:237-273. 



Family SYRPHIDAE 



(Fig. 14:53) 



The "flower flies" are small to large, conspicuous, 

 brightly colored insects (fig. 14:53A) which frequent 

 flowers and as a group are second in importance only 

 to bees as pollinators. In this family, mimicry is 

 often very pronounced, with many diverse genera 

 bearing close superficial resemblances to various 

 bees and wasps. The larvae have widely divergent 

 habits which place them roughly in four types: 

 (1) Microdon-type, hemispherical, unsegmented larvae 



Fig. 14:52. Diploneura cornuta (Bigot), a, adult; b, larva, dorsal 

 view; c, puparium, dorsal view (Jones, 1918). 



