466 



Wirth and Stone: Diptera 



— Abdomen convex above, with 4th tergite elongated, 

 longer than the 5th 48 



48. Costa not extending beyond apex of 4th vein; lateral 

 lobes of abdominal tergites sharply reflexed against 

 venter; not California Axysta Haliday 



— Costa extending beyond apex of 4th vein; lateral lobes 

 of abdominal tergites revolute Lytogaster Becker 



49. Tarsal claws long and straight; pulvilli absent (EPHY- 

 DRINI) 50 



— Tarsal claws short and curved; pulvilli well developed 

 (SCATELLINI) 54 



50. Frontoorbitals reduced to 1 pair; no true dorsocentrals 

 only the pair of interalars present; face with a cluster 

 of large bristles in middle; northeastern states ... 



Cirrula Cresson 



— Two or 3 pairs of strong frontoorbitals and 3-5 pairs of 

 true dorsocentrals 51 



51. Two pairs of strong frontoorbitals 52 



— Three pairs of strong frontoorbitals 53 



52. Third antennal segment bearing a long hair on outer 

 surface; frontal orbits shining Setacera Cresson 



— Third antennal segment without a long outer hair; fron- 

 tal orbits not differentiated from mesofrons 



Dimecoenia Cresson 



53. Five pairs of true dorsocentrals, 2 pairs before the 

 suture; cruciate interfrontals situated along lateral 

 margins of mesofrons Hydropyrus Cresson 



— Four pairs of true dorsocentrals, only 1 pair before the 

 suture; cruciate interfrontals located well toward middle 

 of mesofrons Ep hydra Fallen 



54. Arista with long abundant rays on the basal half above 

 55 



— Arista naked or minutely pubescent on its whole length 

 (fig. 14:54o); 2 or 3 pairs of dorsocentrals 57 



55. Two pairs of true dorsocentrals; not California 



Philotelma Becker 



— Three or 4 pairs of true dorsocentrals 56 



56. Humerals reduced; head much longer than high in pro- 

 file, the cheeks narrow Coenia Robineau-Desvoidy 



— Humerals well developed; head about as high as long 

 in profile, the cheeks broader; facial hump more prom- 

 inent Paracoenia Cresson 



57. Costa extending to apex of 4th vein 58 



— Costa ending at or just beyond apex of 3rd vein; wing 

 and mesonoturr usually with dark and light pattern 

 Scatophila Becker 



58. Only 1 pair of divergent frontoorbitals; wing with 

 pattern of many irregular light and dark spots .... 



Limnellia Malloch 



— Two pairs of divergent frontoorbitals 59 



59. One postsutural pair of true dorsocentrals, the ante- 

 sutural pair absent; 1 pair of strong acrostichals; genal 

 bristles strong Scatella Robineau-Desvoidy 



— Two or more pairs of true dorsocentrals, or if 1 pair, 

 there are no strong acrostichals 60 



60. Only 1 pair of strong acrostichal bristles, located at 

 the suture, none present postsuturally 



Neoscatella Malloch 



— A row of short acrostichals complete postsuturally to 

 base of scutellum 61 



61. Wing with hyaline spots; genal bristle well developed 



Parascatella Cresson 



— Wing without hyaline spots; genal bristle undeveloped 



Lamproscatella Hendel 



Larvae 



Each posterior spiracular plate ending in a sharp- 

 pointed spur (fig. 14: 56a, b, d), the spiracles with 3 

 slitlike openings; anterior spiracles absent; miners in 



aquatic plants (NOTIPHILINAE) 2 



Posterior spiracles not on spur-shaped processes (figs. 



14:56Z; 14:57a; 14:58c; 14:59a,c), each spiracle with 

 3 or 4 openings (figs. 14:54c; 14:56i; 14:570*); anterior 

 spiracles present (figs. 14:56A; 14:576; 14:59a); habits 

 not mining 3 



2. Pharyngeal skeleton with hypostomal sclerites and 

 anterodorsal bridge fused in a slender, common sclerite, 

 the posterior cornua rodlike; mouth hooks usually fused 



Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy 



— Pharyngeal skeleton with separate, small, hypostomal 

 sclerites, a well-differentiated anterodorsal bridge and 

 broad posterior cornua; paired mouth hooks present 

 (fig. 14:56e) Notiphila Fallen 



3. Posterior spiracles each with 3 openings, the margin 

 of the spiracular plate with short, unbranched hairs 

 (fig. 14:56i); anterior spiracles in an invaginated pocket 



(figs. 14:56A; 14:58c) (PARYDRINAE, part) 



Brachydeutera Loew 



— Posterior spiracles each with 4 openings, with 4 

 palmately branched hairs between (figs. 14:54c; 14:57^); 

 anterior spiracles not as above 4 



4. Posterior respiratory tube short, the basal unbranched 

 part as short as the 2 distal branched parts, these not 

 longer than broad (PSILOPINAE) . .Helaeomyia Cresson 



— Posterior respiratory tube and its branches much longer 

 (EPHYDRINAE) 5 



5. Eight pairs of abdominal pseudopods bearing strong 

 claws present, the pair on the 8th segment very strongly 

 developed (fig. 14:59a,c) (EPHYDRINI) 



Ephydra Fallen 



Setacera Cresson 

 Dimecoenia Cresson 



— Pseudopods absent or weakly developed without strong 

 claws, the pair on 8th segment not larger than the 

 others (fig . 14:560 6 



6. Mouth hooks not toothed, anterior spiracles with open- 

 ings sessile (PARYDRINAE, part). . .Ochthera Latreille 



— Mouth hooks toothed (fig. 14:54a), anterior spiracles 

 with openings each on a fingerlike process (SCATEL- 

 LINI) 7 



7. Air tube and its branches more than 1/2 as long as 

 body of larva Coenia Robineau-Desvoidy 



— Air tube and its branches shorter (fig. 14:56Z) 



Scatella Robineau-Desvoidy 



Neoscatella Malloch 



California Species of Ephydridae 



Subfamily PSILOPINAE 



Tribe GYMNOPINI 



Key to Adults of the California Species of Gymnopa 



1. Face with 2 small, separate, depressed, pruinose white 

 spots on each side between antennae and eye margins; 



California bidentata Cresson 1926 



— Face with 1 large pruinose white spot on each side 

 between antennae and eye margins (fig. 14:55d,e); 

 California tibialis (Cresson) 1916 



Genus Parathyroglossa Hendel 

 ordinata (Becker) 1896. Humboldt, Napa 



Key to Adults of the California Species of 



Athy roglossa 



1. All tibiae black; El Dorado, Kern, and Shasta counties 

 glabra (Meigen) 1830 



