470 



Wirth and Stone: Diptera 



Tribe TYPOPSILOPINI 

 Genus Typopsilopa Cresson 

 (Fig. 14:55;) 

 atra (Loew) 1862. 



California 



Tribe NOTIPHILINI 



Genus Oedenops Becker 



nuda (Coquillett) 1907. Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego 



Genus Paralimna Loew 



(Fig. Itetei-k) 



Bohart and Gressitt (1951) found the larvae of P. 

 aequalis Cresson on Guam, breeding commonly in mud 

 contaminated with pig droppings and other organic 

 matter. 



— Ventral hair tuft at base of hind tarsus entirely pale 

 5 



4. Black spine in hind tarsal tuft of male at least 1/3 as 

 long as basitarsus; California, .macrochaeta Loew 1878 



— Black spine in hind tarsal tuft in both sexes scarcely 



longer than the pale hairs; California 



atrisetis Cresson 1917 



5. Third antennal segment black 6 



— Third antennal segment pale at least in part; In\o 

 County sicca Cresson 1940 



6. Fore tarsus black; dark fascia on tergite 4 shining, 

 often covering segment except for median stripe; 

 California occidentalis Cresson 1917 



— Fore tarsus yellowish; dark fascia on tergite 4 brown 

 and very little shining; southern and central California 

 olivacea Cresson 1917 



Subfamily PARYDRINAE 



Tribe LIPOCHAETINI 



Genus Lipochaeta Coquillett 



slossonae Coquillett 1896. 

 (fig. 14:54/) 



Seacoasts of southern 

 and central California 



Key to Adults of the California Species of Paralimna 



1. Cheeks narrow; face brownish pollinose; Imperial, 



Riverside, and San Diego counties 



decipiens Loew 1878 



— Cheeks broad; face pale grayish pollinose; Imperial, 



Inyo, and Riverside counties 



multipunctata Williston 1896 



Genus Dichaeta Meigen 



(Fig. 14:55a-c) 



atriventris Cresson 1915. California 



Genus Notiphila Fallen 

 (Figs. 14:54A; 14:566,c,/) 



According to Hennig (1943), larvae and pupae of most 

 European species live in the mud in the bottom of 

 streams, ponds, and lakes, with the sharp pointed 

 posterior respiratory spine (fig. 14:56/) attached to 

 the roots of such plants as Typha, Nymphaea, and 

 Glyceria. Berg (1950) reared Notiphila loewi Cresson 

 from roots of Potamogeton in Michigan (fig. 14:566, e,/). 



Key to Adults of the California Species of Notiphila 



1. Palpi yellow, at least at the apices 2 



— Palpi black 3 



2. Third antennal segment and tibiae yellow; mesonotum 

 not vittate; mid tibia with 3 extensor bristles; southern 

 California erythrocera Loew 1878 



— Third antennal segment and tibiae black; mesonotum 

 vittate; mid-tibia with 4 extensor bristles; southern 

 and central California pulchrifrons Loew 1872 



3. Ventral hair tuft at base of hind tarsus including at 

 least 1 blackened spine; face golden 4 



Tribe PARYDRINI 



Genus Brachydeutera Loew 



Johannsen (1935) has described the active, free- 

 swimming larva of B. argentata (Walker), the only 

 North American species, from fish hatcherv ponds 

 in New York (fig. 14:58a-c). Williams (1938) has 

 given a very detailed account of the biology of B. 

 hebes Cresson in Hawaii, including excellent figures 

 of all stages (fig. 14:56A-/). The adults of Brachy- 

 deutera are our most proficient "water-skaters," 

 keeping close to the water surface on their short 

 flights. The larvae feed as scavengers on old plant 

 material but take quantities of filamentous green 

 algae. The puparia (fig. 14:586) are very characteristic 

 with long, divergent, apically dilated, thoracic respir- 

 atory horns, and float high on the water surface or 

 are cast upon the shore. 



California species: 

 argentata (Walker) 1856. California 



Genus Parydra Stenhammar 



Nielsen, et al. (1954) have figured the larvae of P. 

 pusilla Meigen from aquatic habitats in Iceland. The 

 larvae resemble those of Brachydeutera. 



Key to Adults of the California Species of 



Parydra 



(Figs. 14:55m; 14:57o-c) 



1. Clypeus not visible in profile view; wings hyaline, 

 with numerous definite brown spots (subg. Callinapaea 

 Sturtevant and Wheeler); Alameda and Los Angeles 



