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Bentinck: Glossary 



ually the proximal or lower calypter which is joined 



to the thorax, and the distal or upper calypter which 



lies between the latter and the axillary lobe in the 



outstretched wing. 

 Canaliculate. Channeled; longitudinally grooved, with 



a deeper concave line in the middle. 

 Canthus. The integumentary process more or less 



completely dividing the eyes of some insects into 



an upper and lower half. 

 Carina. An elevated ridge or keel, not necessarily 



high or acute. 

 Castaneous. Bright red-brown; chestnut brown. 

 Caudal. Of or pertaining to the tail or anal end of the 



body. 

 Cerci. Paired appendages of the eleventh abdominal 



segment, often slender, filamentous, and segmented. 

 Chaetotaxy. The arrangement and nomenclature of the 



setae or bristles on any part of the exoskeleton of 



an insect. 

 Chelate. Bearing a chela, or resembling the nipperlike 



grasping organ of a crab; in insects, having the 



femur enlarged and often grooved to receive the 



curved tibia which may be folded back against it, 



thus forming an efficient grasping organ. 

 Chitinized. To have formed, deposited, or filled in 



with chitin and often erroneously used as a synonym 



of sclerotized, q.v. 

 Cinereous. Ash-colored; gray. 



Clavate. Clubbed; thickening gradually toward the tip. 

 Club. In insect antennae, the terminal segments when 



more or less enlarged to form a knob or head of a 



club. 

 Collum. The neck or collar; in Coleoptera, the poste- 

 rior narrow part of the head or even the prothorax. 

 Connate. United at the base or along the whole length. 

 Concolorous. Of a uniform color. 

 Connexivum. The prominent abdominal margin of some 



Hemiptera at the junction of the dorsal and ventral 



plates. 

 Cord. In some insect wings, a line of transverse join- 

 ings, composed of cross veins and bases of principal 



forks, extending from the stigma backward to the 



cubital vein. 

 Cordate. Cordiform, heartrshaped; triangular, with the 



corners of the base rounded, but not necessarily 



notched at the middle of the base. 

 Coriaceous. Like leather; thick, tough, and somewhat 



rigid. 

 Cornutus. In genitalia a slender, heavily sclerotized 



spine which often occurs, usually several at a time, 



in the ejaculatory duct. 

 Costate. Furnished with costae or longitudinal raised 



ribs. 

 Costiform. In the form of costae or raised ribs. 

 Crenate. Having the margin notched or scalloped so 



as to form rounded teeth. 

 Crenulation. One of a series of rounded projections 



along a margin. 

 Cribriform. With perforations like those of a sieve. 

 Cristate. With a prominent carina or crest on the upper 



surface; crested. 

 Cruciate. Shaped like a cross; applied to bristles 



when they cross in direction. 



Cultriform. Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a 

 pruning knife with a curved tip. 



Cupreous. Coppery; metallic copper-red color. 



Cuticle. The material secreted onto or deposited on 

 the outer surface of the epidermal cells and solid- 

 ifying there to form the exoskeleton. 



Declivate. Declivous, sloping gradually downward. 

 Decumbent. Bending downward; bending down at tip 



from an upright base. 

 Decurrent. Applied to wing veins, closely attached to 



and running along another vein. 

 Decurved. Bowed or curved downward. 

 Dehiscence. The splitting of the pupal integument, 



usually along certain lines of dehiscence, in the 



emergence of adult insects. 

 Denticulations. Small teeth or toothlike processes. 

 Dentiform. Formed or appearing like a tooth. 

 Depressed. Flattened down. 

 Dichromatism. The possession of two color varieties 



or forms. 

 Disk. The central upper surface of any part. 

 Distal. Situated away from the point of origin or 



attachment, as an appendage. 



Elytron. One of the anterior leathery or sclerotized 



wings of beetles, serving as a covering to the hind 



wing. 

 Elytroid. See operculate. 

 Emarginate. Notched; with an obtuse, rounded, or 



quadrate section cut from the margin. 

 Embolar groove. The deep submarginal- gutter on the 



embolium which may be extended beyond the nodal 



furrow. Its surface is pruino.se. 

 Entire. With an even, unbroken margin. 

 Entomophagous. Feeding upon insects. 

 Epipleura. The deflexed or inflexed parts of the elytra, 



immediately beneath the edge. 

 Epistoma.The oral margin and an indefinite space 



immediately contiguous thereto. 

 Explanate. Applied to a margin, spread out and flat- 



tened. 

 Extensors. In Diptera, the extensor row of bristles 



on the upper surface of the femur or tibia. 



Falcate. Sickle-shaped; convexly curved. 



Fascia. A transverse band or broad line. 



Fenestrated. With transparent or perforated windowlike 



spots or areas. 

 Ferrugineous. Rusty red-brown. 

 Fibrillar. Fiber- or threadlike. 

 Fibrillate. Formed or consisting of fibers or appearing 



so. 

 Filiform. Threadlike; slender and of nearly uniform 



diameter. 

 Fimbriate. Fringed with hairs of irregular length. 

 Flabellate. Fan-shaped; with long thin processes 



lying flat on each other like the folds of a fan. 

 Flavescent. Yellowish. 

 Flavotestaceous. Light yellow-brown. 

 Flavous. Pure, clear yellow. 

 Flexor comb. In Diptera, a row of bristles along the 



lower surface of the femur. 



