62 SECTION CAMAROPHYLLOPSIS 



11 



Hygrophorus subviolaceus Pk. 



N. Y. State Mus. Ann. Rept. 53: 842. 1901 



CamarophyUus subviolaceus (Pk.) Singer, Lilloa 22: 148. 1951. 



Illustrations: 

 Fig. 15. 

 Peck, N. Y. State Mus. Ann. Rept. 53, pi. C, figs. 11-15. 



Pileus 2.5-6 cm broad, broadly convex, expanding, at times de- 

 pressed and margin upturned, "violet gray," "mouse gray," "dark 

 Quaker drab," or "benzo brown" ( dark violet to brownish violaceous ) , 

 disc often pallid, viscid-lubricous to subviscid, hygrophanous, glabrous, 

 pellicle separable, margin even when dry, pellucid-striate when wet. 

 Context thick and firm on disc, thin on margin, concolor or paler; odor 

 mild or earthy, taste at first mild, soon bitter to subnauseous, finally 

 somewhat acrid, at times leaving a burning in the throat. 



Lamellae decurrent, arcuate, whitish at first, soon smoky- 

 violaceous or "vinaceous drab," subdistant to distant, medium broad, 

 acuminate at the ends, subtriangular, intervenose, edges even. 



Stipe 3-7 cm X 4-11 ( 17) mm, white or tinted like the color of the 

 pileus, dry, appressed-fibrillose, usually tapering below, often curved 

 at base, solid becoming hollow. 



Spores 6-7(8) X 4-5(7) /a, ellipsoid to ovoid, apiculate, smooth, 

 white in mass, yellowish in Melzer's reagent. Basidia (31)43-62 X 

 (4)5-8 [x, mostly 4-spored, some 2-spored. Pleurocystidia and cheilo- 

 cystidia none. Gill trama intricately interwoven, hyphae 3-8 /x broad. 

 Cuticle a colorless zone, 60-90 fx broad, of gelatinous narrow ( 2-3 /x ) 

 hyphae, the surface hyphae more or less erect and forming a turf — an 

 ixotrichodermium. Hypodermium not differentiated. Pileus trama of 

 radial hyphae. Clamp connections present on the hyphae of the cuticle 

 and gill trama. 



Habit, Habitat, and Distbibution — Gregarious on soil in 

 swamps and deep humus, in deciduous and coniferous woods, Ontario, 

 Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Tennessee, Idaho, 

 Oregon, and Washington, September-November. Orton (1960) has 

 reported it from England; also from Austria (Hesler 24128). 



Matebial Studied — idaho: Imshaug 4911, 5050; Smith 54587. 

 Massachusetts: Bigelow 9412; Smith 1166, 21050, 21356, 32061, 

 33967, 36042, 38534, 38648, 38676, 38717, 38789, 43425, 44044, 51017, 

 51036. new yobk: Peck (type, from Meadowdale, Oct.). obegon: 

 Smith 27364, 27792. Pennsylvania: Overholts 23073. Tennessee: Hesler 

 22928; Jones 4448. Washington: Grant, Langley, Nov. 1923; Smith 



