344 SECTION HYGROPHORUS 



Stipe 3-10 cm long, 10-24 mm thick, more or less concolorous with 

 the pileus below and often spotted with dark purplish red, attenuated 

 below, dry, silky at the apex, solid. Partial veil white, fibrillose, leaving 

 an apical, fugacious ring which becomes purplish red. 



Spores 5.5-7(8) X 3-4.5 /x, ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish in Melzer's 

 reagent. Basidia 40-56 X (5)6-8 /x, sterigmata long, 2- and 4-spored. 

 Gill trama of divergent hyphae, 4-10 \x broad. Cuticle a broad ( 180- 

 330 /a), gelatinous zone of more or less repent, slender (2-4 p) hyphae, 

 an ixocutis. No hypodermium differentiated. Pileus trama of inter- 

 woven, more or less radial hyphae 5-9 fx broad. Clamp connections on 

 thecuticular hyphae. 



Habit, Habitat, and Distribution — Gregarious to caespitose on 

 soil, under spruce and pine, California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, 

 Colorado, New Mexico, Maine, and Tennessee, May-December; also 

 Europe. 



Material Studied — California: Smith 8601, 8704, 9005, 9333. Col- 

 orado: Kauffman, Leal, Aug. 20, 1917; Smith 52283, 52685. tdaho: Gru- 

 ber P21, 30; Smith 15872, 45671, 46476, 53205, 59116, 59980, 60015, 

 60212; Smith & Bigelow 46283; Stuntz 45945; Westerdale 59165. Wash- 

 ington: Bigelow 48512; Smith 17719, 18014, 31266, 48147. Oregon: 

 Smith 19183, 19249, 23741, 26775, 26861, 27140, 28145, 55872. Tennes- 

 see: Hesler 17275. maine: Bigelow 4746. new Mexico: Barrows, Santa 

 Fe, 1955. 



Observations — This species is closely related to H. capreolarius 

 which lacks a partial veil, and has scaly-dotted areas on the disc. The 

 colors of the two species when dried are similar. Nuesch ( 1922 ) lists 

 H. subpurpurascens Allesch. as a synonym. 



209 



Hygrophorus russuliformis Murr. 



Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. Jour. 55: 371. 1939 



Pileus 5-8 cm broad, convex, finally more or less depressed, at times 

 wavy, dull vinaceous ( "brownish-vinaceous" to "deep brownish- 

 vinaceous," with "vinaceous brown" streaks ) , margin paler, viscid, fibril- 

 lose-squamulose, margin at first incurved, even. Context white, un- 

 changing, thick on the disc, thin on the margin; odor and taste mild. 



Lamellae adnexed, rounded behind, white, becoming purplish 

 where bruised, narrow, crowded, inserted, edges even. 



Stipe 1-4 cm long, 14-20 mm thick, apex whitish, elsewhere 

 streaked vinaceous, equal above the slightly enlarged base, striate, 

 moist, not viscid, solid. 



Spores 8-10(12) X2-3.2 /*, oblong, often obliquely apiculate, 



