EXPLANATION OF PLATE 110 (CX), CONTINUED 



macella to the synonymy of P. crispa, as a trimorphous form, with reference to Brady's figures 6-9, 11. Thal- 

 mann followed this in part, referring figs. 8 and 11 to Elphidium crispum. This course has not been followed 

 by later authors (Heron-Allen, Earland, Cushman, etc.) and Cushman's views have been accepted here. (See 

 Cushman and Leavitt, C.C.L.F.R., Vol. 5, 1929, pp. 18-20.) 

 Figure 9. — Elphidium lessonii (d'Orbigny). 



Challenger Sta. 3 ISA, Falkland Islands, S. Atlantic. (6 fathoms) 

 Referred by Brady to Polystomella macella (F. & M.) and by Heron-Allen and Earland (Discovery Repts., 

 Vol. 4, Foraminifera Pt. I, 1932, p. 440) to Elphidium lessonii (d'Orbigny), originally recorded from Patagonia 

 and the Falklands. 

 Figure 10. — Elphidium, macellum var. aculeata (Silvestri). 



Challenger Sta. 315A, Falkland Islands, S. Atlantic. (6 fathoms) 

 Referred by Brady to Polystomella, young specimen, probably P. macella, and by Silvestri (Atti Rend. Ace. 

 Sci. Lett. Arti Acireale, Vol. 10 (1898-1900), 1901, p. 45) to P. macella var. aculeata. This is a homonym of 

 Polystomella aculeata d'Orbigny 1846 and requires a new name. Thalmann, 1932, refers this figure in error to 

 Elphidium aculeatum (d'Orbigny). 

 Figure 12. — Parrellina verriculatus (Brady). 



Challenger Sta. 162, Bass Strait, Pacific. (38-40 fathoms) 

 Referred by Brady to Polystomella and by Parr (B.A.N. Z. Antarctic Res. Exped., 1929-1931, Ser. B, Vol. 

 5, No. 6, 1950, p. 374) to Elphidioides Parr. This is a homonym of Elphidioides Cushman 1945, and has been 

 renamed Parrellina by Thalmann (Eclog. geol. Helv., Vol. 43 (1950) 1951, No. 2, p. 224). 

 Figures 13-15. — Parrellina imperatrix (Brady). 

 Figs. 13, 14. Storm Bay, Tasmania. 



Fig. 15. Challenger Sta. 163B, off Sydney, Australia. (2-10 fathoms) 

 Referred by Brady to Polystomella and by Parr (1. c, 1950) to Eliphidioides . As noted above this is a ho- 

 monym and has been renamed Parrellina Thalmann 1951. 

 Figures 16, 17. — Elphidium craticulatum (Fichtel and Moll). 



Challenger Sta. 218A, Admiralty Islands, Pacific. (16-25 fathoms). 

 Referred by Brady to Polystomella and by Thalmann (Eclog. geol. Helv., Vol. 25, No. 2, 1932, p. 311) to 

 Elphidium. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE 111 (CXI) 



Figs. 1-7, X 30; Fig. 8, X 35. 

 Figures 1, 3. — Amphistegina quoyii d'Orbigny? 



Figs. 1, 3c. Challenger Sta. 218A, Admiralty Islands, Pacific. (16-25 fathoms) 



Figs. 3a, 3b. Challenger Sta. 173A, off Fiji, Pacific. (12 fathoms) 

 Referred by Brady to A. lessonii d'Orbigny and by Said (C.L.F.R. Spec. Publ. No. 26, 1949, p. 39) to A. 

 radiata (Fichtel and Moll). Cushman and others have followed Brady. Chapman recorded A. radiata from the 

 Arabian Sea, whence Fichtel and Moll originally described this species and Nautilus venosus, but makes no 

 reference to Brady's figures under this species, referring figs. 1-7 to A. lessonii in accord with Brady. Chap- 

 man's figures agree fairly well with the original ones of A. radiata and differ from Brady's. Confusion has arisen 

 regarding A. quoyii and A. lessonii since d'Orbigny in his text (Ann. Sci. Nat., Vol. 7, 1826, p. 304) referred 

 to his pi. 17, figs. 1-4 under this species, and on the plate explanation referred these figures to A. quoyii. The 

 question has been discussed by M. Lys (C. R. Somm. Soc. geol. France, 1948, pp. 64-66) and M. Lys concludes 

 that the figs. 1-4 on pi. 17 (d'Orbigny, 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat. Vol. 7) are A. quoyii, a many chambered species, 

 and that A. lessonii is represented by the model No. 98, which is more inflated and shows much fewer chambers 

 (see below). The form represented by Brady may prove to be A. radiata (Fichtel and Moll) but in this case 

 A. quoyii is regarded as a synonym. Material from Karachi and elsewhere in the Indian Ocean appears to be 

 distinct from the Pacific species, here referred to A. quoyii.* 

 Figures 2, 4, 7. — Amphistegina gibbosa d'Orbigny. 



Fig. 2. Challenger Sta. 33, ofT Bermuda, Atlantic. (435 fathoms) 



Fig. 4, 7. Challenger Sta. 352, Cape Verde Islands, Atlantic. (11 fathoms) 



*Notf: The Recent species of Amphistegina have been greatly confused in literature, and need careful study with adequate thin sections 

 of topotype material, also a restudy of the types where possible. Fornasini (loc. cit. supra, 1903) published a note on d'Orbigny's species 

 but reached the conclusion that A. lessonii is the only valid Recent species, with A. quoyii, A. vulgaris as synonyms and A. Irilobata, 

 A. bilohala. A. mudagascariensis and A. gibba as variants. He does not clarify d'Orbigny's error in referring his 1826 figures to both A. 

 lessonii and A. quoyii. and gives a figure of A. lessonii for A. madagascariensis. M. Lys (see earlier) has given a good discussion of A. 

 lessonii but did not reach any definite conclusion with respect to its relationship to A . radiatus and A . venosa, being in doubt as to whether 

 these are camerinids or belong to Amphistegina. Forms close to A. quoyii, A. lessonii and A. gibbosa have been separated in Recent sample 

 material but it has not been possible as yet to study examples from the Arabian Sea in order to verify to some extent the identity of the 

 species proposed from there by Fichtel and Moll. There appears to be a possibility that the common many-chambered form from the 

 Indian Ocean and Indo- Pacific figured by d'Orbigny as A. quoyii may prove to be the same as A. radiata (Fichtel and Moll), and that the 

 fewer-chambered, more globose form described by d'Orbigny as A. lessonii is A. venosa (Fichtel and Moll), probably with A. madagas- 

 cariensis d'Orbigny in synonymy. These Pacific forms recjuire more study, as noted earlier. It is believed, however, that the common 

 West Indian, Caribbean species is distinct from these and should be referred to A. gibbosa d'Orbigny. 



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